Table_2_Cross-Species Metabolic Profiling of Floral Specialized Metabolism Facilitates Understanding of Evolutional Aspects of Metabolism Among Brassicaceae Species.xlsx

Plants produce a variety of floral specialized (secondary) metabolites with roles in several physiological functions, including light-protection, attraction of pollinators, and protection against herbivores. Pigments and volatiles synthesized in the petal have been focused on and characterized as major chemical factors influencing pollination. Recent advances in plant metabolomics have revealed that the major floral specialized metabolites found in land plant species are hydroxycinnamates, phenolamides, and flavonoids albeit these are present in various quantities and encompass diverse chemical structures in different species. Here, we analyzed numerous floral specialized metabolites in 20 different Brassicaceae genotypes encompassing both different species and in the case of crop species different cultivars including self-compatible (SC) and self-incompatible (SI) species by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). Of the 228 metabolites detected in flowers among 20 Brassicaceae species, 15 metabolite peaks including one phenylacyl-flavonoids and five phenolamides were detected and annotated as key metabolites to distinguish SC and SI plant species, respectively. Our results provide a family-wide metabolic framework and delineate signatures for compatible and incompatible genotypes thereby providing insight into evolutionary aspects of floral metabolism in Brassicaceae species.

植物可产生多种花部特化（次生）代谢物，这类代谢物参与多种生理功能，包括光保护、吸引传粉者以及抵御草食动物。花瓣中合成的色素与挥发物一直是研究热点，且被认定为影响传粉过程的主要化学因子。近年来植物代谢组学的研究进展表明，陆生植物中主要的花部特化代谢物为羟基肉桂酸类、酚酰胺类以及黄酮类，尽管不同物种中这类代谢物的含量各异、化学结构多样。本研究采用液相色谱-质谱联用法（liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry，LC-MS），对20份不同十字花科（Brassicaceae）基因型材料的大量花部特化代谢物进行了分析；这些材料涵盖不同物种，对于作物类群而言还包含不同栽培品种，其中包括自交亲和（self-compatible，SC）与自交不亲和（self-incompatible，SI）类群。在20份十字花科材料的花部中共检测到228种代谢物，其中15个代谢峰（包括1个苯酰基黄酮类与5个酚酰胺类）被检测并注释为可分别区分自交亲和与自交不亲和植物类群的关键代谢物。本研究结果构建了十字花科全科的代谢框架，并明确了自交亲和与不亲和基因型的特征标记，从而为揭示十字花科植物花部代谢的进化机制提供了新视角。