Crime in Boomburb Cities: 1970-2004 [United States]

This study focused on the effect of economic resources and racial/ethnic composition on the change in crime rates from 1970-2004 in United States cities in metropolitan areas that experienced a large growth in population after World War II. A total of 352 cities in the following United States metropolitan areas were selected for this study: Atlanta, Dallas, Denver, Houston, Las Vegas, Miami, Orange County, Orlando, Phoenix, Riverside, San Bernardino, San Diego, Silicon Valley (Santa Clara), and Tampa/St. Petersburg. Selection was based on the fact that these areas developed during a similar time period and followed comparable development trajectories. In particular, these 14 areas, known as the "boomburbs" for their dramatic, post-World War II population growth, all faced issues relating to the rapid growth of tract-style housing and the subsequent development of low density, urban sprawls. The study combined place-level data obtained from the United States Census with crime data from the Uniform Crime Reports for five categories of Type I crimes: aggravated assaults, robberies, murders, burglaries, and motor vehicle thefts. The dataset contains a total of 247 variables pertaining to crime, economic resources, and race/ethnic composition.

本研究聚焦于经济资源与种族/族裔构成对1970-2004年期间美国二战后人口大幅增长的大都市区城市犯罪率变化的影响。本研究共选取了美国以下大都市区的352个城市：亚特兰大、达拉斯、丹佛、休斯顿、拉斯维加斯、迈阿密、奥兰治县、奥兰多、菲尼克斯、里弗赛德、圣贝纳迪诺、圣地亚哥、硅谷（圣克拉拉）以及坦帕/圣彼得斯堡。选择这些区域的依据是它们在相似时期发展，并遵循可比的发展轨迹。特别是，这14个区域因二战后人口激增而被称为“新兴郊区（boomburbs）”，均面临着连片式住宅快速扩张以及随之而来的低密度城市蔓延相关问题。本研究将来自美国人口普查的地方级数据与来自《统一犯罪报告》的五类一级犯罪数据相结合：加重袭击、抢劫、谋杀、入室盗窃和机动车盗窃。该数据集共包含247个变量，涉及犯罪、经济资源及种族/族裔构成。