TRICHOGRAMMA SPP. (HYMENOPTERA: TRICHOGRAMMATIDAE) SPECIES AND STRAINS FOR THE CONTROL OF ANTICARSIA GEMMATALIS (LEPIDOPTERA

ABSTRACT Several Trichogramma (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) species parasitize Anticarsia gemmatalis (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) eggs, the major soybean desfoliator in Brazil. The objective of this work was to evaluate the parasitism of eleven Trichogramma species/strains in cardboards with twenty eggs of A. gemmatalis by this parasitoid female for 24 hours. The strain trat - 2 Trichogramma atopovirilia (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) of Sete Lagoas, Minas Gerais, showed better performance with 19 A. gemmatalis eggs parasitized by female in 24 hours, 98% viability and sex ratio of 0.84. The strain Trichogramma pretiosum of Crystalline, Goiás, parasitized 11.9 A. gemmatalis eggs per female with 98% viability and sex ratio of 0.65. This work confirms the importance of evaluating Trichogramma strains before biological control programs, because different strains of the same species of parasitoid have distinct results.

摘要：多种赤眼蜂属（Trichogramma，膜翅目Hymenoptera:赤眼蜂科Trichogrammatidae）物种可寄生于大豆夜蛾（Anticarsia gemmatalis，鳞翅目Lepidoptera:夜蛾科Noctuidae）的卵粒中，该虫是巴西境内危害大豆的主要食叶害虫。本研究旨在评价11种/株赤眼蜂对20枚大豆夜蛾卵的寄生性能，以单头寄生蜂雌蜂24小时内的寄生情况为测试指标。其中，来自米纳斯吉拉斯州塞特拉戈阿斯的阿托夫赤眼蜂（Trichogramma atopovirilia）菌株trat-2表现最优：单头雌蜂24小时内可寄生19枚大豆夜蛾卵，寄生卵存活率达98%，性比为0.84。来自戈亚斯州克里斯坦利的预实赤眼蜂（Trichogramma pretiosum）菌株，单头雌蜂每24小时可寄生11.9枚大豆夜蛾卵，寄生卵存活率为98%，性比为0.65。本研究证实了在开展生物防治项目前对赤眼蜂菌株进行评估的重要性——同一寄生蜂物种的不同菌株会产生截然不同的寄生效果。