Nematological survey in coffee nursery in Espirito Santo state, Brazil

ABSTRACT Despite the important role of coffee production in the economy of Espirito Santo, the second largest coffee producing state in Brazil, productivity is still below the Brazilian average. One of the factors that explain this low productivity is the presence of nematodes of the genus Meloidogyne. Contaminated seedlings are an important and efficient agent for disseminating nematodes. According to normative instruction no. 35 (IN 35), of 11/29/2012 of the Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Supply (MAPA), the presence of Meloidogyne spp. in a single plant among a field-lot of seedlings condemns it, and the plants that compose that lot should be destroyed. In Espirito Santo, no evaluation has been carried out in nurseries covering the entire State for phytonematode detection. Therefore, the objective of this work was to carry out a nematological survey in nurseries to guide the nurserymen in relation to fulfilling IN 35 of MAPA, in addition to guiding them regarding the phytosanitary care during the production of their seedlings. The nurseries were evaluated in 19 municipalities located in both the north and the south of Espírito Santo. There were Meloidogyne spp. in evaluated samples.

摘要：尽管咖啡生产在巴西第二大咖啡生产州——圣埃斯皮里图州（Espírito Santo）的经济中占据重要地位，但该州的咖啡生产力仍低于巴西全国平均水平。导致这一低生产力的因素之一是根结线虫属（Meloidogyne）线虫的侵染。受线虫污染的种苗是传播线虫的重要且高效的媒介。根据巴西农业、畜牧和供应部（Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Supply, MAPA）2012年11月29日发布的第35号规范性指令（IN 35），若一批田间种苗中任意一株检测出根结线虫属（Meloidogyne spp.）阳性，则整批种苗均判定为不合格，且该批次所有种苗均需销毁。目前圣埃斯皮里图州尚未开展覆盖全州范围的苗圃植物线虫（phytonematode）检测评估工作。因此，本研究的目标是对各苗圃开展线虫学调查，以指导苗圃经营者遵守MAPA的IN 35指令，同时为其种苗生产过程中的植物检疫管理提供技术指引。本研究对圣埃斯皮里图州北部与南部共19个市镇的苗圃进行了评估，所有受检样本中均检出根结线虫属（Meloidogyne spp.）线虫。