GENETIC VARIATION FOR THE SILVICULTURE CARACTER IN THREE ARBOREOUS SPECIES OF THE SOUTH BOLSÃO REGION IN MATO GROSSO DO SUL STATE, BRASIL

ABSTRACT The present study aimed at evaluating genetically the best progenies ofMyracrodruon urundeuva, Astronium fraxinifolium e Terminalia argentea from Selvíria, MS, concerning their growing traits. The progeny test was performed by outlining randomized blocks with 28 treatments, 4 repetitions and 10 plants per plot in single rows at 1.5 x 3.0 spacing. At 14 years of age, the progenies were evaluated concerning the traits: height (ALT, m); diameter of the height (DAP, cm); average diameter of the top (DMC, cm); trunk shape (FT), grade scale, ranging from 1 to 5, and survival (SOB, %). The average herdability for the traits studied is considered from medium to highs magnitudes (0.67; 0.57 e 0.83) for DAP, DMC e trunk shape, respectively. More expressive outcomes were obtained from the average of progenies (9.42; 9.40 e 12.83) for DAP, respectively, which indicates that the selection can be effective using such information, not only from the families but also from the individuals for native progenies from the region which indicates a good perspective of genetic variability to be exploited along a genetic breeding program for the studied species and the establishment of strategies for future formation of a seed orchard.

摘要：本研究旨在对来自巴西南马托格罗索州塞尔维里亚（Selvíria, MS）的乌檀叶黄栌（*Myracrodruon urundeuva*）、白蜡叶 Astronium（*Astronium fraxinifolium*）和银叶诃子（*Terminalia argentea*）的最优子代开展生长性状的遗传评估。本次子代测定试验采用随机区组设计，共设置28个处理、4次重复，每个小区定植10株苗木，以单行方式种植，株行距为1.5×3.0。待林分生长至14年生时，对各子代的以下性状进行测定：树高（Height，ALT），单位为米（m）；高度处直径（Diameter of the Height，DAP），单位为厘米（cm）；冠部平均直径（Average Crown Diameter，DMC），单位为厘米（cm）；树干形质（Trunk Shape，FT），采用1~5级分级尺度评定；以及存活率（Survival Rate，SOB），单位为百分比（%）。供试性状的平均遗传力处于中等至较高水平，其中DAP、DMC和树干形质的遗传力分别为0.67、0.57和0.83。针对上述三个性状的子代平均表现均较为优异，对应数值分别为9.42、9.40和12.83，这表明利用该类信息开展选择不仅可针对家系进行，亦能针对该区域的本土子代个体开展，说明本研究涉及的物种具备可用于遗传改良计划的优良遗传变异潜力，同时可为未来种子园构建策略的制定提供良好前景。