MMS Aerial Survey, PNW 1989-1990

Original provider:
Minerals Management Service

Dataset credits:
Minerals Management Service

Abstract:
This dataset is from the Oregon and Washington marine mammal and seabird surveys studies: Oregon/Washington aerial [birds and mammals] study code: OP, contract number: 14-12-0001-30426,
Principal investigators: G. A. Green, Ebasco Environmental, Bellevue, Washington, M. L. Bonnell and K. T. Briggs, Ecological Consulting, Inc., Portland, Oregon.

Time period: April 1989 through October 1990

Study area: Pacific Ocean waters of Oregon and Washington from the coast to approximately 60 nautical miles offshore.

Methodology: Aerial surveys were conducted along 32 pre-established transects designed to systematically sample marine mammal and seabird abundance in all waters of the study area. Coastal surveys and one shelf break survey were also conducted. Standard transects provided systematic coverage of shelf, slope, and offshore waters in the study area. Sightings of seabirds, pinnipeds, cetaceans, and turtles were recorded. Seabird sightings were recorded only on the shaded side of the aircraft within a strip transect of 50 m width. Marine mammal and turtle sightings were recorded within an unbounded corridor. Declination angle was measured and noted for each marine mammal/turtle sightings and later used to calculate a probability density function of frequency with right-angle sighting distance. Navigation was by Loran and VLF-Omega. One ship survey was also conducted from aboard the NOAA ship Miller Freeman during August 1989.

Databases produced: 1) sightings of seabirds and marine mammals on 12 aerial surveys and one ship cruise, and 2) sightings of cetaceans on 12 aerial surveys and one ship cruise.

原始提供方：
矿产管理局

数据集归属：
矿产管理局

摘要：
本数据集来源于俄勒冈州和华盛顿州的海洋哺乳动物与海鸟调查研究：俄勒冈/华盛顿航空[鸟类与哺乳动物]研究代码为OP，合同编号为14-12-0001-30426；主要研究者包括华盛顿州贝尔维尤市Ebasco Environmental的G.A. Green，以及俄勒冈州波特兰市Ecological Consulting, Inc.的M.L. Bonnell和K.T. Briggs。

时间范围：1989年4月至1990年10月

研究区域：俄勒冈州和华盛顿州的太平洋海域，从海岸延伸至离岸约60海里处。

研究方法：通过32条预先设定的样线开展航空调查，以系统采样研究区域内所有水域中的海洋哺乳动物和海鸟丰度。此外还进行了近岸调查和一次陆架边缘调查。标准样线覆盖了研究区域内的陆架、陆坡及远海水域。观测记录包括海鸟、鳍足类动物（pinnipeds）、鲸目动物（cetaceans）和海龟。仅在飞机背阴侧的50米宽带状样线（strip transect）内记录海鸟观测数据；海洋哺乳动物和海龟的观测数据则记录于无界廊道（unbounded corridor）内。对每次海洋哺乳动物/海龟观测均测量并记录磁偏角（declination angle），后续用于计算直角观测距离（right-angle sighting distance）的频率概率密度函数（probability density function）。导航采用罗兰导航系统（Loran）和甚低频奥米伽导航系统（VLF-Omega）。1989年8月期间还利用NOAA船米勒·弗里曼号开展了一次船舶调查。

生成的数据库：1) 来自12次航空调查和1次船舶巡航的海鸟与海洋哺乳动物观测记录；2) 来自12次航空调查和1次船舶巡航的鲸目动物观测记录。