The geochemical composition and stratigraphic position of 44 tephra layers in southern Iceland

The dataset comprises two elements:
1) logs of nine sedimentary profiles recorded in three locations in southern Iceland and
2) geochemical analyses of tephra samples taken from these profiles.

The three locations were Heimaey (V), an island in the Vestmannaeyjar archipelago (four profiles); Seljaland (S) in southern Iceland (two profiles), and Húshólmi (H) on the Reykjanes peninsula (three profiles). All three locations are associated with the earliest phases of the settlement of Iceland by the Norse in the ninth century CE. The datasets were collected to establish a tephrochronological framework for the three sites. The logs are based on field observations made by Prof. Andrew Dugmore (University of Edinburgh) and Dr Richard Streeter (University of St Andrews) in June 2023. The geochemical analyses were carried out by Dr Streeter and conducted using an Electron Probe Micro Analyser (EPMA).

本数据集包含两部分内容：1）冰岛南部3处地点记录的9条沉积剖面日志；2）从上述剖面中采集的火山碎屑（tephra）样品的地球化学分析数据。

三处采样地点分别为：赫马岛（Heimaey，缩写V），其为韦斯特曼纳群岛（Vestmannaeyjar archipelago）中的岛屿，共记录4条剖面；冰岛南部的塞尔亚兰（Seljaland，缩写S），共记录2条剖面；以及雷克雅内斯半岛（Reykjanes peninsula）上的胡什霍尔米（Húshólmi，缩写H），共记录3条剖面。

上述三处地点均与公元9世纪维京人定居冰岛的最早阶段相关。本数据集的采集旨在为这三处遗址构建火山碎屑年代学（tephrochronological）框架。

该剖面日志由爱丁堡大学安德鲁·达格莫尔（Andrew Dugmore）教授与圣安德鲁斯大学理查德·斯特里特（Richard Streeter）博士于2023年6月通过野外观测完成。地球化学分析工作由斯特里特博士完成，测试所用设备为电子探针显微分析仪（Electron Probe Micro Analyser，EPMA）。