Socio-economic data for 79 households across four villages in Catimbau National Park, Pernambuco Brazil

The research was funded by the British Council’s Newton Fund Institutional Links Program, project 275896277 ‘Advancing equity in Brazilian protected area management’. The data was used in the publication of the article 'Protected areas and the neglected contribution of Indigenous Peoples and local communities: Struggles for environmental justice in the Caatinga dry forest' published in the journal 'People and Nature' in November 2021. This social research was funded specifically to contribute complementary understanding to the Long-Term Ecological Project (LTEP-Catimbau) in Catimbau National Park (https://www.peldcatimbau.org), led by the Federal University of Pernambuco, which explores land-use and climate change. Ethical approval to conduct interviews was obtained from the Ethics Committee in Research from the Federal University of Amapá (CAAE 82787718.3.0000.0003, Permit number 2.497.655) and the Ethics Committee of the School of Biological Sciences at the University of Aberdeen, United Kingdom. Carrying out this research within Catimbau National Park was also authorized by ICMBIO (SISBIO – Authorization number 60074-1). We selected two Indigenous villages and two non-indigenous villages (determined through self-identification by people within those villages), located within the park from which to randomly select households, and from which to interview an individual over 18 years of age. Using satellite imagery and through discussion with village leaders we identified and numbered all occupied households in the four selected villages within the park and randomly selected 40 households across the two Indigenous communities and 40 across the two non-indigenous communities for semi-structured interviews, the second phase of the research. In total, seventy-nine household-level semi-structured interviews were conducted (one of the 80 selected was inadvertently missed) between April and August 2018, in Portuguese, with two members of the research team present (one male and one female), so that answers could be noted as fully as possible (see Supporting Information to the publication in the journal 'People and Nature' for the interview template). Before each interview we explained the research funding, partners, motivations, timeline, processes, ethical approach and potential outputs in detail. We provided the option to decline or to rearrange the time, and obtained verbal consent before starting each interview. Verbal consent was deemed most appropriate due to both the high rate of illiteracy and the degree of land tenure insecurity faced by respondents, which could have caused them unease about signing a written document. Interviews lasted between one and four hours, though the vast majority took between 1.5 and 2.5 hours. Anonymised, quantitative socio-economic data are presented in the adjacent worksheet.

本研究由英国文化协会牛顿基金机构联系项目（British Council’s Newton Fund Institutional Links Program）资助，项目编号为275896277，项目主题为“推进巴西保护区管理中的公平性”。
本数据集相关的学术论文《保护区与原住民（Indigenous Peoples）及地方社区被忽视的贡献：卡廷加旱林（Caatinga dry forest）的环境正义斗争》于2021年11月发表于《人与自然》（People and Nature）期刊。
本社会研究旨在为伯南布哥联邦大学主导的卡廷博国家公园长期生态项目（Long-Term Ecological Project, LTEP-Catimbau，官网：https://www.peldcatimbau.org）提供补充性研究视角，该项目聚焦土地利用与气候变化议题。
访谈研究已获得两项伦理审查批准：分别为阿马帕联邦大学研究伦理委员会（批准号：CAAE 82787718.3.0000.0003，许可编号2.497.655），以及英国阿伯丁大学生物科学学院伦理委员会。在卡廷博国家公园内开展本研究的许可，亦由巴西生物多样性保护委员会（ICMBIO）通过生物多样性授权与信息系统（SISBIO）授予，授权编号为60074-1。
本研究选取公园内的2个原住民村落与2个非原住民村落（村落居民通过自我认同界定身份），从中随机抽取住户并访谈年满18周岁的居民。借助卫星影像并与村落领袖沟通后，我们对园内4个选中村落的所有常住住户进行了编号，并在研究的第二阶段，从2个原住民社区随机抽取40户、2个非原住民社区随机抽取40户开展半结构化访谈。
2018年4月至8月间，研究团队共完成79户家庭的半结构化访谈（原定抽取的80户中有1户因疏漏未完成访谈），访谈以葡萄牙语进行，每场均由2名研究人员（1男1女）共同参与，以尽可能完整地记录访谈内容（访谈提纲详见《人与自然》期刊刊发论文的补充材料）。
每一场访谈开始前，我们均向受访者详细说明本研究的资助方、合作方、研究动机、时间线、实施流程、伦理规范及潜在研究成果。我们为受访者提供了拒绝访谈或调整访谈时间的选择权，并在访谈开始前获取了口头知情同意。鉴于受访群体普遍存在高文盲率且面临土地权属不稳定的问题，书面签署知情同意文件可能会引发受访者的不安情绪，因此口头知情同意被确定为本次研究最适宜的知情同意形式。
本次访谈时长介于1至4小时之间，绝大多数访谈耗时在1.5至2.5小时之间。本数据集收录了匿名化处理后的社会经济定量数据，相关内容整理于相邻工作表中。