Leisure-time physical activity and associated factors among adolescents of Pernambuco, Brazil: From 2006 to 2011

Abstract Leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) has important implications in promoting physical activity among young people. The present study aimed to analyze variations occurred in the 2006-2011 period in LTPA and associated factors among high school boys and girls in the state of Pernambuco, Northeastern Brazil. A cross-sectional school-based and statewide survey was conducted in 2006 (n = 4,207) and 2011 (n = 6,264), and samples of adolescents (14-19 years) were compared. Data were collected through a questionnaire. The practice of LTPA was obtained by the question “Do you perform regularly, some kind of physical activity in your free time?” Poisson regression was used (confidence interval (CI) 95%) in crude and adjusted analyses stratified by gender. From 2006 to 2011, there was stability in the proportion of adolescents practicing LTPA both among boys (77.5% versus 78.9%) and girls (51.2%, versus 54.0%). The weekly frequency of physical education classes was directly associated with LTPA both in girls and boys, regardless of the survey year. Age, marital status, grade and computer use were significantly associated with LTPA, but there were distinctions between genders and surveys. In conclusion, there was a temporal variation between 2006 and 2011, but the reduction or increment in LTPA practice varied according to stratification of subgroups of adolescents. In general, physical education class was a factor that remained associated with LTPA in the investigated period.

摘要：闲暇时间身体活动（Leisure-time Physical Activity, LTPA）对促进青少年群体参与体育活动具有重要意义。本研究旨在分析2006-2011年间巴西东北部伯南布哥州男女高中生的LTPA参与情况及其相关影响因素的变化特征。研究分别于2006年（样本量n=4207）与2011年（样本量n=6264）开展基于学校的全州横断面调查，并对14-19岁的青少年样本进行对比分析。数据通过问卷收集，LTPA参与行为通过问题“您是否会在闲暇时间定期开展某种体育活动？”进行统计。本研究采用泊松回归（Poisson regression）开展粗模型分析与按性别分层的校正模型分析，置信区间设置为95%（CI 95%）。结果显示，2006至2011年期间，参与LTPA的青少年比例在男生群体（2006年77.5%，2011年78.9%）与女生群体（2006年51.2%，2011年54.0%）中均保持相对稳定。无论调查年份如何，每周体育课的参与频率均与男女学生的LTPA参与行为呈显著正相关。年龄、婚姻状况、就读年级与电脑使用情况均与LTPA存在显著关联，但上述关联在不同性别群体与调查年份间存在差异。结论：2006至2011年间存在一定的时间维度变化趋势，但LTPA参与率的增减幅度随青少年亚组的分层特征而呈现异质性。总体而言，在本研究覆盖的周期内，体育课始终是与LTPA参与行为显著相关的影响因素。