Economic Census 2005 - India

Abstract
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The Central Statistical Organization (CSO) conducted fifth Economic Census in 2005 in all the States/UTs in collaboration with State Directorates of Economics and Statistics. The first Economic Census was conducted in 1977 covering only non- agricultural establishments and the three Economic Censuses subsequently carried out in 1980, 1990 and 1998 covered all agricultural and non-agricultural enterprises excepting those engaged in crop production and plantation. There was no change in the coverage of the fifth Economic Census as compared to the fourth Economic Census. Economic Census not only provides updated frame for detailed follow-up surveys but also gives basic entrepreneurial data for planning and development specially for unorganized sector of the economy.

There are certain new features in the fifth Economic Census. Addresses of the enterprises employing 10 workers or more were collected for the first time in the fifth Economic Census through Address Slip. At present the country does not maintain a Business Register. The directory of enterprises to be generated from the Address Slip would be the basic input for preparation of a Business Register. For the first time, data collected in the fifth Economic Census are processed through Intelligent Character Recognition (ICR) Technology.

The results of EC-2005 "ALL INDIA REPORT" contains the all India figures on the number of enterprises and their employment, cross-classified according to their locations, major activity groups, type of the establishments, size-class of the employment, etc. The disaggregated data for States/UTs are also included in the report.

Geographic coverage
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All the States/UTs. in the country

Analysis unit
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Establishment

Universe
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Economic Census (EC) is the complete count of all entrepreneurial units located within the geographical boundaries of the country.
All units engaged in the production or distribution of goods or services other than for the sole purpose of own consumption are counted. While all units engaged in nonagricultural activities are covered, in the agricultural sector units in crop production and plantation activities are excluded.

Kind of data
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Census/enumeration data [cen]

Mode of data collection
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Face-to-face [f2f]

Research instrument
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All questionaires are provided as external resources

Cleaning operations
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Intelligent Character Recognition (ICR) technology, which is also known as Automated Forms Processing, was used to process the EC-2005 data. Automated Forms Processing technology enables the user to process documents from their images or directly from paper and convert them to computer readable data.

The schedules of the Fifth EC were scanned/digitized at the fifteen regional Data Processing Centres of Registrar General of India (RGI). After running the edit programme, the error list files were handed over to the State Governments for corrections. The DES officials of the State Government corrected the error files in two/three cycles and then sent the data files to RGI Headquarters to give final touch before sending to Computer Centre, MOSPI. The data files were made further error free by applying auto corrections at the Computer Centre.

摘要
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中央统计局（CSO）于2005年在全国各州/联邦属地的经济与统计州级部门协作下，进行了第五次经济普查。首次经济普查于1977年进行，仅涵盖非农业单位；随后于1980年、1990年和1998年进行的四次经济普查则覆盖了所有农业和非农业企业，但排除了从事农作物生产和种植业的单位。第五次经济普查的覆盖范围与第四次经济普查保持一致。经济普查不仅为详细后续调查提供了更新后的框架，而且为规划和经济发展提供了基本的创业数据，尤其是针对经济中的非组织化部门。
第五次经济普查具有某些新的特色。第五次经济普查首次通过地址单收集了雇佣10名或以上工人的企业的地址。目前，该国尚未维护商业登记册。从地址单生成的企业目录将成为编制商业登记册的基本输入。第五次经济普查收集的数据首次通过智能字符识别（ICR）技术进行处理。
2005年经济普查（EC-2005）“全国报告”包含了关于企业数量及其就业情况的全国数据，根据其地理位置、主要活动组、企业类型、就业规模等进行交叉分类。报告还包括了各州/联邦属地的详细数据。
地理覆盖范围
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全国所有州/联邦属地
分析单位
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单位
总体
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经济普查（EC）是对位于国家地理边界内所有创业单位的全面计数。所有从事商品或服务生产或分销，且非为自身消费唯一目的的单位均被计入。尽管涵盖了所有非农业活动单位，但在农业部门，排除了从事农作物生产和种植业的单位。
数据类型
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普查/统计数据 [cen]
数据收集方式
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面对面 [f2f]
研究工具
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所有问卷均作为外部资源提供
数据清洗操作
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智能字符识别（ICR）技术，也称为自动化表单处理，被用于处理2005年经济普查数据。自动化表单处理技术使用户能够将文档从其图像或直接从纸张中处理，并将其转换为可读计算机数据。
第五次经济普查的表格在印度人口普查注册总长（RGI）的十五个区域数据处理中心进行扫描/数字化。在运行编辑程序后，错误列表文件被移交给州政府进行更正。州政府的DES官员在两到三个循环中更正了错误文件，然后将数据文件发送到RGI总部进行最终调整，然后再发送到计算机中心，MOSPI。计算机中心通过应用自动更正使数据文件进一步无误差。