Data Sheet 1_The effects of exergaming on sleep quality: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.pdf

BackgroundReduced sleep quality is a growing concern that can affect both mental and physical health in individuals of all ages. Exergames, which combine physical activity with gaming elements through digital technology, are an emergent popular intervention nowadays. This review aims to review the potential effects of exergames on sleep quality.
MethodsThis review is registered in PROSPERO under the identifier CRD42024601725. A systematic search of the literature was performed on February 13, 2025, across MEDLINE, EMBASE, SCOPUS, Web of Science, CENTRAL, CBM, and CNKI. Randomized controlled trials comparing the effects of exergame interventions on sleep quality were included. Standardized mean differences (SMD) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated to compare various sleep quality scales. Heterogeneity was assessed using the I² statistic and Cochran's Q test, and random effects models were applied in the meta-analysis where appropriate. Subgroup analyses were conducted based on participant age and the type of exergaming.
ResultsOur search identified a total of 800 studies, and 11 articles comprising 521 participants were included. Participants ranged in age from 9 to over 80 years old, with 41% being male. Among 9 studies comparing exergaming with no intervention, participants who received exergaming intervention showed better sleep quality [SMD [95% CI] of −0.31[−0.60, −0.01], k = 9]. Subgroup analysis indicated participants who had interventions lasting 8 weeks or longer [−0.35(−0.64, −0.06), k = 5], engaging in aerobic exercise-based exergaming experienced [−0.35 (−0.59, −0.11), k = 7], aged 60 and older [−1.38 (−2.75, −0.00), k = 2] showed significant improvements in sleep. Moreover, three studies comparing exergaming with traditional exercise showed no significant differences.
ConclusionsExergame interventions positively influence sleep quality, particularly for older adults or those with health conditions. Given their accessibility and ease of use, exergames can serve as a self-driven, long-term intervention at home.
Systematic Review RegistrationPROSPERO CRD42024601725.

背景
睡眠质量下降已成为日益凸显的公共健康问题，可对全年龄段人群的身心健康造成负面影响。运动游戏（exergames）是一类通过数字技术将身体活动与游戏元素相结合的新兴热门干预方式，本综述旨在探讨运动游戏对睡眠质量的潜在作用效果。

方法
本综述已在PROSPERO平台完成注册，注册号为CRD42024601725。本研究于2025年2月13日针对MEDLINE、EMBASE、SCOPUS、Web of Science、CENTRAL、CBM及CNKI数据库开展系统性文献检索。纳入对比运动游戏干预对睡眠质量影响的随机对照试验（randomized controlled trials）。通过计算标准化均数差（standardized mean differences, SMD）及其95%置信区间（confidence intervals, CI），对不同睡眠质量量表的评分结果进行比较。采用I²统计量（I² statistic）与科克伦Q检验（Cochran's Q test）评估研究间异质性，若符合分析条件则在Meta分析（Meta-analysis）中应用随机效应模型。本研究基于受试者年龄与运动游戏类型开展亚组分析。

结果
本次检索共获取800篇相关文献，最终纳入11项研究，合计包含521名受试者。受试者年龄跨度为9岁至80岁以上，其中男性占比41%。在9项对比运动游戏干预与无干预的研究中，接受运动游戏干预的受试者睡眠质量显著更优[标准化均数差（SMD）[95%置信区间（CI）]为−0.31[−0.60, −0.01]，纳入研究数k=9]。亚组分析结果显示：干预时长≥8周的受试者[−0.35(−0.64, −0.06), k=5]、采用基于有氧运动的运动游戏干预的受试者[−0.35 (−0.59, −0.11), k=7]，以及60岁及以上的老年受试者[−1.38 (−2.75, −0.00), k=2]，其睡眠质量均得到显著改善。此外，3项对比运动游戏与传统运动干预的研究未发现组间存在显著差异。

结论
本研究结果表明，运动游戏干预可对睡眠质量产生积极影响，尤其适用于老年人群或存在健康相关问题的群体。鉴于其便捷易用的特性，运动游戏可作为一种可自主开展的长期居家干预手段。

系统综述注册
PROSPERO CRD42024601725。