Table_1_Examining the Effects of Temperature on Recombination in Wheat.XLSX

Meiotic recombination plays a crucial role in the generation of new varieties. The effectiveness of recombination is limited by the distribution of crossover events, which in wheat and many other crops is skewed toward the distal regions of the chromosomes. Whole-genome sequencing of wheat has revealed that there are numerous important genes in the pericentromeric regions, which are inaccessible to manipulation due to the lack of crossover events. Studies in barley have shown that the distribution of recombination events can be shifted toward the centromeres by increasing temperature during meiosis. Here we present an analysis of the effects of temperature on the distribution and frequency of recombination events in wheat. Our data show that although increased temperature during meiosis does cause an inward shift in recombination distribution for some chromosomes, its overall utility is limited, with many genes remaining highly linked.

减数分裂重组（Meiotic recombination）在作物新品种创制中发挥着至关重要的作用。重组效率受交换事件（crossover events）的分布格局制约：在小麦及诸多其他作物中，交换事件多偏向分布于染色体的远端区域。小麦全基因组测序研究揭示，着丝粒旁区（pericentromeric regions）蕴藏着大量重要功能基因，但由于该区域缺乏交换事件，相关基因难以通过重组手段进行遗传操作。已有大麦研究证实，提高减数分裂阶段的环境温度，可使重组事件的分布向着丝粒区域偏移。本研究针对温度对小麦重组事件的分布模式与发生频率的影响展开分析，数据表明，尽管减数分裂期温度升高可促使部分染色体的重组分布向染色体内部偏移，但整体应用效果有限，多数基因仍处于高度连锁状态。