The utilization of novel NaF/Al2O3 catalysts in the process of hydrothermal liquefaction of Crambe orientalis: synthesis and characterization

This research study explores the influence of NaF/Al2O3 catalysts on the process of hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) of Crambe Orientalis. Three distinct catalysts were prepared and examined through a multitude of methodologies including FT-IR, BET, XRD and SEM/EDX/EDS. The HTL were made at temperatures ranging from 275 to 350°C for a duration of 0 to 60 minutes. The liquid products obtained were subjected to elemental, GC-MS, FT-IR, and1H NMR analyses. The findings of this study demonstrate that NaF/Al2O3 catalysts effectively enhance the yield of liquid products. The liquid products that were obtained displayed an exceptionally elevated carbon content, with a maximum value of 80.97% achieved at a temperature of 350°C. These liquid products exhibit superior heating values (HHV), which vary between 37.64 and 29.31 MJ/kg. The catalysts demonstrated efficacy in enhancing the liquid product yield, characterized by a heightened proportion of aliphatic compounds and a diminished ratio of oxygen constituents. It was determined that the obtained catalysts may have the potential to obtain liquid products with high carbon content and energy values.

本研究探讨了氟化钠/氧化铝（NaF/Al₂O₃）催化剂对东方海甘蓝（Crambe Orientalis）水热液化（hydrothermal liquefaction, HTL）过程的影响。本研究制备了三种不同的催化剂，并通过傅里叶变换红外光谱（FT-IR）、BET比表面积分析、X射线衍射（XRD）以及扫描电子显微镜/能量色散X射线光谱（SEM/EDX/EDS）等多种表征手段对其进行了系统分析。水热液化反应的温度设置为275℃至350℃，反应时长为0至60分钟。对所得液态产物开展了元素分析、气相色谱-质谱联用（GC-MS）、傅里叶变换红外光谱以及氢核磁共振（¹H NMR）分析。研究结果表明，NaF/Al₂O₃催化剂可有效提升液态产物产率。所得液态产物碳含量显著升高，在350℃条件下最高可达80.97%。该液态产物具备优异的高位发热量（HHV），热值介于29.31 MJ/kg与37.64 MJ/kg之间。该催化剂可有效提升液态产物产率，具体表现为脂肪族化合物占比升高、氧组分占比降低。综上，本研究制备的催化剂具备制备高碳含量、高能量值液态产物的应用潜力。