DataSheet1_Miniaturized NIR spectroscopy and chemometrics: A smart combination to solve food authentication challenges.docx

Over the years, technology has allowed more accurate, more effective, and prompt food integrity assessments to assure the quality and authenticity of food material. Thanks to the development of portable and hand-held near infrared (NIR) as a rapid, reliable, non-destructive, and user-friendly instrument, on-site food analysis is provided with more feasibility. However, miniaturized NIR devices have some significant challenges due to the presence of varying noise resources which can lead to misinterpretation. In this context, chemometric methods with the capability of resolution, identification, classification, and calibration play a pivotal role in achieving precise and in-depth comprehension of the data. In the present mini-review, we will discuss miniaturized NIR instrumentation, some chemometric concepts, and introduce the most popular algorithm in food authentication problem. The main feature of this review is avoiding mathematical details as much as possible to make the material accessible to a broad audience but highlighting the key features of chemometric methods with some simple illustrative examples in the scope of food authenticity.

多年来，技术进步使得食品完整性评估愈发精准、高效且迅捷，旨在保障食品原料的品质与真实性。得益于便携式手持近红外（near infrared, NIR）仪器的发展，这类具备快速、可靠、无损且操作友好特性的设备，为现场食品分析提供了更高的可行性。然而，微型化NIR设备仍面临诸多显著挑战：各类噪声源的存在可能导致检测结果解读偏差。在此背景下，具备分辨、识别、分类与校正能力的化学计量学（chemometrics）方法，对于实现数据的精准且深入解析发挥着关键作用。在本次小型综述中，我们将探讨微型化NIR仪器技术、部分化学计量学核心概念，并介绍用于食品真伪鉴别问题的主流算法。本综述的核心特色在于尽可能规避数学细节，以兼顾广泛受众的可读性；同时结合食品真伪鉴别领域的简单示例，着重阐释化学计量学方法的关键特性。