ACTIVE COMMUTING TO SCHOOL AND ASSOCIATED FACTORS AMONG ADOLESCENTS: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW

ABSTRACT Physical inactivity, considered a worldwide public health problem, has become a common behavior among adolescents. This systematic review aimed to examine the scientific evidence analyzing commuting to school in adolescents and its association with sociodemographic factors, body composition, physical activity and cardiorespiratory fitness. Articles were selected through the literature available in electronic databases (Medline, Cinahl and Web of Science). Twenty three observational studies, with samples composed of adolescents (10-19 years), all published in english language, from 2003 to 2014, were included. The majority of investigations had as main focus the active commuting and the highest prevalence of this outcome were found among boys, younger adolescents, those from lower income families and whose mothers had lower educational level. Adolescents with a healthier body composition and those with higher levels of physical activity and cardiorespiratory fitness were the most active in commuting from home to school. Despite the association between active commuting to school and better health conditions, it is necessary to encourage it among adolescents of better economic conditions, females and the older ones.

摘要：体力活动不足被视为全球性公共卫生问题，如今已成为青少年群体中的普遍行为。本系统综述（systematic review）旨在梳理分析青少年通勤上学相关的科学证据，并探讨其与社会人口统计学因素、身体成分、体力活动水平及心肺适能的关联。研究通过检索电子数据库（Medline、Cinahl及Web of Science）中的文献完成筛选。本次研究共纳入23项观察性研究，样本覆盖10至19岁的青少年，所有文献均以英文发表，发表时间跨度为2003年至2014年。多数研究以主动通勤上学为核心研究主题，该行为的高流行率见于男性青少年、低龄青少年、来自低收入家庭且母亲受教育水平较低的青少年群体。身体成分更健康、体力活动水平及心肺适能更高的青少年，在上下学通勤中的主动出行比例也更高。尽管主动通勤上学与更优的健康状况存在关联，但仍需在经济条件较好的青少年、女性青少年及大龄青少年群体中推广主动通勤行为。