PROBLEMS OF INTERNATIONAL TRADE POLICY AND PROTECTIONISM

This scientific article comprehensively analyzes the theoretical foundations of protectionism within the framework of international trade policy and its role in the modern global economy. The study studies the impact of tariff and non-tariff restrictions on economic efficiency, market balance, and the competitive environment based on a systematic approach. Also, the experience of developed and developing countries is comparatively analyzed, and the short and long-term consequences of protectionism are scientifically explained. The results of the study show that protectionism can ensure economic stability in the short term, but in the long term it reduces the efficiency of resource allocation and limits economic growth.