Opinions and Lifestyle Survey, Public Perceptions of Tax Compliance Module, April 2013 - March 2014

<P>Abstract copyright UK Data Service and data collection copyright owner.</P><p>The <em>Opinions and Lifestyle Survey</em> (OPN) is an omnibus survey that collects data from respondents in Great Britain. Information is gathered on a range of subjects, commissioned both internally by the Office for National Statistics (ONS) and by external clients (other government departments, charities, non-profit organisations and academia).</p><p>One individual respondent, aged 16 or over, is selected from each sampled private household to answer questions. Data are gathered on the respondent, their family, address, household, income and education, plus responses and opinions on a variety of subjects within commissioned modules. Each regular OPN survey consists of two elements. Core questions, covering demographic information, are asked together with non-core questions that vary depending on the module(s) fielded.</p><p>The OPN collects timely data for research and policy analysis evaluation on the social impacts of recent topics of national importance, such as the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic and the cost of living. The OPN has expanded to include questions on other topics of national importance, such as health and the cost of living.</p><p>For more information about the survey and its methodology, see the gov.uk <a href="https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/healthandsocialcare/healthandlifeexpectancies/methodologies/opinionsandlifestylesurveyqmi">OPN Quality and Methodology Information</a> (QMI) webpage.</p><p><strong>Changes over time</strong></p><p>Up to March 2018, the OPN was conducted as a face-to-face survey. From April 2018 to November 2019, the OPN changed to a mixed-mode design (online first with telephone interviewing where necessary). Mixed-mode collection allows respondents to complete the survey more flexibly and provides a more cost-effective service for module customers.</p><p>In March 2020, the OPN was adapted to become a weekly survey used to collect data on the social impacts of the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic on the lives of people of Great Britain. These data are held under Secure Access conditions in SN 8635, <em>ONS Opinions and Lifestyle Survey, 2019-2023: Secure Access</em>. (See below for information on other Secure Access OPN modules.)</p><p>From August 2021, as coronavirus (COVID-19) restrictions were lifted across Great Britain, the OPN moved to fortnightly data collection, sampling around 5,000 households in each survey wave to ensure the survey remained sustainable.</p><p>

</p><p><strong>Secure Access OPN modules</strong><br><br>Besides SN 8635 (which includes the COVID-19 Module), other Secure Access OPN data includes sensitive modules run at various points from 1997-2019, including Census religion (SN 8078), cervical cancer screening (SN 8080), contact after separation (SN 8089), contraception (SN 8095), disability (SNs 8680 and 8096), general lifestyle (SN 8092), illness and activity (SN 8094), and non-resident parental contact (SN 8093). See the individual studies for further details and information on how to apply to use them.</p><br><B>Main Topics</B>:<BR><br>The non-core questions for these months were:<br>
Public perceptions of tax compliance (Module MBQ): the module, asked on behalf of HM Revenue and Customs, aimed to collect information concerning the public’s perception of tax compliance and penalties for tax evasion. Module MBQ was asked of all respondents in September 2013 and only of those self-employed in all other months.<br>

<P>摘要版权归英国数据服务（UK Data Service）及数据收集版权所有者所有。</P><p>《意见与生活方式调查》（<em>Opinions and Lifestyle Survey</em>，简称OPN）是一项综合调查（omnibus survey），面向英国（Great Britain）受访者收集数据。调查内容涵盖多个主题，由国家统计局（Office for National Statistics, ONS）内部及外部客户（其他政府部门、慈善机构、非营利组织及学术界）委托开展。</p><p>从每个抽样的私人家庭中选取一名16岁及以上的受访者回答问题。收集的数据包括受访者及其家庭、住址、家庭情况、收入和教育背景，以及委托模块内各类主题的反馈与意见。常规OPN调查包含两部分：核心问题（涵盖人口统计信息）与非核心问题（随所开展的模块不同而变化）。</p><p>OPN为研究及政策分析评估提供及时数据，聚焦近期国家重要议题的社会影响，如新型冠状病毒肺炎（COVID-19）疫情及生活成本。该调查已扩展至涵盖其他国家重要议题的问题，例如健康与生活成本。</p><p>有关该调查及其方法学的更多信息，请参阅英国政府网站（gov.uk）上的《OPN质量与方法学信息》（OPN Quality and Methodology Information，QMI）网页：<a href="https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/healthandsocialcare/healthandlifeexpectancies/methodologies/opinionsandlifestylesurveyqmi">OPN Quality and Methodology Information</a>。</p><p><strong>时间变化</strong></p><p>截至2018年3月，OPN采用面对面调查（face-to-face survey）方式开展。2018年4月至2019年11月，该调查改为混合模式设计（mixed-mode design），即优先在线调查，必要时辅以电话访谈。混合模式收集方式让受访者能更灵活地完成调查，并为模块客户提供更具成本效益的服务。</p><p>2020年3月，OPN调整为每周一次的调查，用于收集新型冠状病毒肺炎（COVID-19）疫情对英国民众生活的社会影响数据。这些数据在安全访问条件下存储于SN 8635（《国家统计局意见与生活方式调查，2019-2023：安全访问》）中。（其他安全访问OPN模块的信息见下文。）</p><p>2021年8月起，随着英国各地新型冠状病毒肺炎（COVID-19）限制措施解除，OPN转为每两周一次（fortnightly）的数据收集，每次调查波次抽样约5000户家庭，以确保调查的可持续性。</p><p><strong>安全访问OPN模块</strong><br><br>除SN 8635（含COVID-19模块）外，其他安全访问OPN数据还包括1997-2019年间不同时间点开展的敏感模块，例如人口普查宗教（SN 8078）、宫颈癌筛查（SN 8080）、分居后联系（SN 8089）、避孕（SN 8095）、残疾（SN 8680及SN 8096）、一般生活方式（SN 8092）、疾病与活动（SN 8094）及非居住父母联系（SN 8093）。有关详细信息及申请使用方法，请参阅各独立研究。</p><br><B>主要主题</B>:<BR><br>这些月份的非核心问题包括：<br>公众对纳税合规的认知（MBQ模块）：该模块由英国税务海关总署（HM Revenue and Customs）委托开展，旨在收集公众对纳税合规及逃税处罚的认知信息。2013年9月，MBQ模块面向所有受访者提问；其他月份仅面向自雇人士提问。