GENDER AND RACE IN THE BRAZILIAN CINEMA

This article analyses the racial and gender profiles represented in two decades of Brazilian cinema. The aim is to contribute to social science debates on inequalities and intersectional feminist criticism, based on the understanding of how political minorities and dominant groups are inserted in the narratives formulated by the Brazilian audiovisual industry. To this end, we first built a database containing the most popular films between 1995 and 2015 according to information available at the Brazilian Observatory of Cinema and Audiovisual (OCA-ANCINE). We then viewed the feature films and classified several characteristics among 6,450 characters that achieved some relevance in the film plots, considering two criteria: naming or dialogue participation. The results indicate discriminatory inclusion patterns in the narratives, which mainly affect the black and brown populations.

本文针对二十年间巴西电影中的种族与性别形象表征展开分析。本研究旨在通过解析巴西视听产业所构建的叙事文本中政治少数群体与主导群体的嵌入逻辑，为不平等议题及交叉性女性主义批评的社科类学术讨论提供研究支撑。为此，本研究首先依托巴西电影与视听观察站（Brazilian Observatory of Cinema and Audiovisual, OCA-ANCINE）公开的相关数据，构建了涵盖1995年至2015年间最受关注影片的数据库。随后，研究团队对该数据库内的所有剧情长片进行观影梳理，并基于"拥有正式角色命名"与"参与台词对话"两项判定标准，对影片情节中具备一定戏份的6450个角色的多项特征进行分类编码。研究结果表明，巴西电影叙事中存在歧视性的角色纳入模式，该模式对黑人群体与混血人群造成了显著的不利影响。