Manufacture and Validation of New Negative Priming Measurement for Studying Individual Differences in Working Memory

The Negative Priming task is widely used to investigate attention inhibition observed in some variations of a selective attention task. This study was designed to measure the reliability of a negative priming effect as a prerequisite for conducting this research. The sample included 100 university students whose ages ranged between 18 to 36 years. They completed two tasks: an identification task and a localization with episodic retrieval tasks. Subjects were asked to perform a simple mental operation on each stimulus, and to use the end product of this operation when deciding on a response. The subjects' task was to respond YES to a fixed set of three target items (e.g., numbers 2, 5, and 7) in two interval trials. To achieve the factor structure model validity, the data method and varimax rotation was applied. Results showed high correlation between variables and also six factors as the clusters were considered: 1) Target identification accuracy; 2) Location error; 3) Two seconds right error; 4) Three seconds right error; 5) Three seconds left error and 6) Two seconds left error. The reliability of the components were acceptable. peerReviewed publishedVersion

负启动任务（Negative Priming task）被广泛应用于探究选择性注意任务（selective attention task）的多种变体中所观测到的注意抑制现象。本研究旨在测量负启动效应的信度，以此作为开展该项研究的前置条件。本次研究的样本包含100名年龄介于18至36岁的大学生，所有被试均完成两项任务：一项识别任务与一项整合情景提取的定位任务。实验要求被试对每一个刺激物完成一项简单的心理操作，并基于该操作的最终结果做出反应。在两类间隔试次中，被试需对固定的三类目标项（例如数字2、5与7）做出“是”的反应。为验证因素结构模型的效度，本研究采用了数据分析方法与最大方差旋转（varimax rotation）法。结果显示，变量间存在较高相关性，最终提取出6个聚类因子：1）目标识别准确率；2）定位误差；3）2秒右侧误差；4）3秒右侧误差；5）3秒左侧误差；6）2秒左侧误差。各成分的信度均处于可接受水平。本版本为经同行评审的正式发表版本。