SWOT analysis based on the review’s results.

This is a systematic review of the literature on the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) and its impact on tourism and heritage in participating countries along the Silk Roads. China launched the BRI in 2013 with the aim of promoting global trade and stimulating economic growth through the development of infrastructure and cultural cooperation. This review examines studies for the period from 2013 to 2023, focusing on key themes such as tourist flows, destination development, urban renewal, heritage preservation, and cultural route revival. The systematic review follows the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, incorporating 56 relevant documents that cover both tourism and heritage domains. The findings highlight substantial potential for the development of new tourism products and destinations, improved urban renewal, and the preservation of cultural heritage, provided that integrated policies, public-private collaboration, and equitable community participation frameworks are implemented with attention to ecological limits. However, the review also identifies significant challenges, including financial imbalances, uneven access to benefits, social disruption, cultural commodification, and environmental degradation. Addressing these issues requires careful, context-specific planning. The study concludes with a proposal for a future research agenda that includes exploring underrepresented regions, developing sustainable tourism models, and fostering interdisciplinary research to ensure a balanced approach to economic development and heritage preservation. This review’s findings provide valuable insight for policymakers, tourism officials, and cultural heritage managers, guiding the development of policies that balance economic growth with the preservation of cultural and natural heritage sites. This research contributes to the academic discourse by elucidating the complex interplay between the BRI and the Silk Roads’ tourism and heritage, offering a pathway for sustainable and inclusive growth.

本研究为一篇系统综述，针对“一带一路倡议（Belt and Road Initiative, BRI）”及其对丝绸之路沿线参与国旅游业与文化遗产的影响相关文献展开梳理。中国于2013年提出该倡议，旨在通过基础设施建设与文化合作，推动全球贸易发展、刺激经济增长。本综述梳理了2013至2023年间的相关研究，重点关注旅游客流、目的地开发、城市更新、遗产保护与文化线路复兴等核心议题。本综述遵循《系统综述与元分析优先报告条目》（Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses, PRISMA）指南，最终纳入覆盖旅游与遗产两大领域的56篇相关文献。研究结果显示，若能制定统筹协调的政策、推动公私部门合作、建立公平的社区参与框架并兼顾生态承载限制，则可在旅游新产品与新目的地开发、优化城市更新及文化遗产保护等方面拥有巨大潜力。但本综述同时指出了诸多显著挑战，包括财政失衡、收益分配不均、社会动荡、文化商品化以及环境退化。应对这些问题需开展审慎且贴合具体场景的规划工作。本研究最后提出了未来研究议程的建议方向，包括探索研究覆盖不足的区域、开发可持续旅游模式、推动跨学科研究，以实现经济发展与遗产保护的平衡路径。本综述的研究结果可为政策制定者、旅游管理者及文化遗产管理人员提供宝贵参考，助力其制定兼顾经济增长与文化及自然遗产保护的相关政策。本研究阐明了“一带一路”倡议与丝绸之路沿线旅游及遗产之间的复杂互动关系，为可持续与包容性增长提供了可行路径，丰富了相关学术讨论。