Eurobarometer 64.2 (Oct-Nov 2005)

Attitude towards the EU and the European Constitution. European economy and globalisation. Energy. Agricultural policy.

Topics: 1. Attitude towards the EU and the European Constitution: frequency of political discussions with friends; personal opinion leadership; life satisfaction; expectations for the next twelve months regarding: personal life in general, the national economic and employment situation, the financial situation of the own household, and the personal job situation; assessment of the present personal situation compared with five years ago; future expectations regarding the personal situation; trust in institutions; assessment of the own country’s membership in the EU as a good thing; benefits from the EU membership; impact of the own country’s EU membership on selected areas (country’s security, exports, standard of living, agriculture, industry, services, and employment); EU image; attitude towards the development towards a European political union; meaning of the EU to the respondent; personal feelings towards the EU; perceived personal political efficacy in the EU as well as understanding of the processes in the EU; attitude towards higher involvement of the citizens in European affairs (scale: feeling of being involved in European affairs, desire for greater involvement, desire for greater efforts of the European institutions, the national and the local government to further involve citizens in European affairs); assessment of the current and the desired speed of building Europe (scale); fears about the European Union in terms of: power loss for smaller member countries, increase in drug trafficking and international organised crime, higher payments of the own country to the EU, loss of social benefits, loss of national identity, language and culture, economic crisis, transfer of jobs to other member countries, difficulties for national farmers; additionally in non-euro countries: end of national currency; frequency of the reception of news in the media (television, newspapers, and radio); self-assessed personal knowledge about the EU, its policies and institutions (scale); interest in information about the EU; preferred topics or policy areas on which more information is desired; used information sources about the EU; assessment of the extent of media coverage of topics regarding the EU as well as the image evoked; knowledge of selected EU institutions and trust in them; knowledge test on the EU (number of member states, direct election of the members of the European Parliament by the EU citizens, own anthem, time of the last European elections); most important problems of the own country; subsidiarity in selected areas (crime, taxation, fighting unemployment, fighting terrorism, defence and foreign affairs, immigration, educational system, pensions, environmental protection, health and social welfare, agricultural and fishing policy, consumer protection, research, support for regions facing economic difficulties, energy and competition policy); attitude towards: European Monetary Union, common foreign policy, common defence and security policy, further EU enlargement, EU constitution, two-speed Europe, EU institutions as a school subject; most important political goals in the own country; postmaterialism (scale); preferred actions of the European Union; preferred level of decision making in the field of European defence policy: national governments, NATO, or EU; attitude towards an increase of the EU budget; knowledge test: field on which most of the EU budget is spent; assessment of the role of the United States and the European Union regarding: peace in the world, the fight against terrorism and poverty, global economic growth, and environmental protection; frequency of feeling European; expected future personal identification as European or citizen of a national state; national pride; pride of being European; frequency of the identification as a citizen of the world; attitude towards selected countries becoming part of the EU (Switzerland, Norway, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Serbia and Montenegro, Iceland, Albania, Bulgaria, Romania, Ukraine, and Turkey); attitude towards the accession of Turkey to the EU (scale); opinion on the European Constitution; assessment of the impact of the adoption of the European Constitution on democracy, efficiency, and transparency in the European Union; expected impact of the adoption with regard to the EU’s strength in the world, its economic competitiveness and social-mindedness; opinion on the necessity of a European Constitution for the functioning of the European institutions.

2. European economy and globalisation: comparison of the quality of life and the performance of the economy in Europe with the United States, Japan, China, and India; comparison of the development of Europe with the development of the USA regarding: scientific and medical research, environmental protection, innovation technology, healthcare system, education, fighting social disparities, unemployment and discrimination, and the creation of new companies; assessment of the effects of the increased competition due to the European single market as positive; associations with the term ´globalisation´; approval of the following statement: EU protects people from the negative effects of globalisation; assumed reasons for the relocation of companies; attitude towards the immigration of foreign workers (necessary for certain national economic sectors, necessary for solving the problem of the ageing of the European population); confidence regarding the ability to keep the own job and the future of pensions; preferred measures to guarantee the financing of the pension system in the own country; preferred measures to improve the performance of the European economy.

3. Energy: preferred measures of public authorities to help people reduce their energy consumption; preferred measures of the national government to reduce the dependency on energy imports; willingness to pay more for energy from renewable sources (Split: willingness to reduce energy consumption); preferred decision-making level to tackle the challenges in the energy sector (European, national, or local level); consideration of energy consumption when buying: light bulb, refrigerator, and car; reduction of car use in case of an assumed price increase for fuel over 2 euros per litre; preferred alternatives to the use of the own car.

4. Agricultural policy: attitude towards the agricultural policy of the European Union; most important objectives of the agricultural policy; positive or negative role of the European agricultural policy with regard to: income maintenance for farmers, the improvement of the competitiveness of European agriculture on world markets, helping farmers to adapt their production to consumer’s expectations, the improvement of life in the countryside, reducing development gaps between regions, encouraging the diversification of agricultural products, the promotion of organic farming, respectful treatment of the environment, the protection of the specificity of European agricultural products, the protection of small and medium sized farms, ensuring health and safety of agricultural products, animal welfare of farm animals; assessment of the EU agricultural policy shifting away from subsidising single agricultural products and rather focusing on granting funds for the overall development of the rural economy as positive.

In Bulgaria, Romania, Turkey, Croatia, and Northern Cyprus were also asked: assessment of the future EU membership of the own country as a good thing; benefits from this membership.

Only in the UK: awareness and significance of the current presidency of the United Kingdom in the Council of the European Union.

Only in Austria: awareness and significance of the future Austrian presidency in the Council of the European Union.
In the 25 EU member states were also asked: attitude towards the continuation of the ratification process of the European Constitution after the rejection by France and the Netherlands.

Demography: nationality; occupation; professional status; left-right self-placement; marital status; age at end of education; sex; age; type of community; household composition and household size; own a mobile phone and fixed (landline) phone; media use; internet use.

Additionally coded was: date of interview; time of the beginning of the interview; duration of the interview; number of persons present during the interview; respondent cooperation; size of locality; region; language of the interview (in LU, BE, ES, FI, EE, LV, MT, TR); weighting factor; interviewer-ID.

对欧盟及欧盟宪法的态度；欧洲经济与全球化；能源；农业政策。

主题：1. 对欧盟及欧盟宪法的态度：与朋友进行政治讨论的频率；个人意见领导力（personal opinion leadership）；生活满意度（life satisfaction）；未来十二个月对以下方面的预期：总体个人生活、国家经济与就业形势、家庭财务状况、个人工作状况；当前个人状况与五年前相比的评估；对个人未来状况的预期；对机构的信任度（trust in institutions）；对本国加入欧盟是否为好事的评估；欧盟成员国身份带来的益处；本国欧盟成员国身份对特定领域（国家安全、出口、生活水平、农业、工业、服务业、就业）的影响；欧盟形象；对欧洲政治联盟发展的态度；欧盟对受访者的意义；对欧盟的个人情感；在欧盟中的个人政治效能感（perceived personal political efficacy）及对欧盟进程的理解；对公民更深入参与欧洲事务的态度（量表：参与欧洲事务的感受、对更多参与的渴望、对欧盟机构及国家/地方政府进一步推动公民参与欧洲事务的期待）；对当前及理想的欧洲建设速度的评估（量表）；对欧盟的担忧：小国权力丧失、毒品贩运与国际有组织犯罪增加、本国对欧盟支付增加、社会福利损失、国家身份/语言/文化丧失、经济危机、就业向其他成员国转移、本国农民困境；非欧元区国家额外问题：本国货币终结；媒体（电视、报纸、广播）新闻接收频率；对欧盟及其政策与机构的自我评估知识水平（量表）；对欧盟信息的兴趣；希望获取更多信息的偏好主题或政策领域；欧盟信息的使用来源；对欧盟相关主题媒体报道程度及所塑造形象的评估；对特定欧盟机构的认知与信任；欧盟知识测试（成员国数量、欧盟公民直接选举欧洲议会成员（European Parliament）、欧盟自有 anthem、上一次欧洲选举时间）；本国最重要问题；特定领域的辅助性原则（subsidiarity）：犯罪、税收、应对失业、反恐、国防与外交、移民、教育体系、养老金、环境保护、健康与社会福利、农业与渔业政策、消费者保护、研究、对经济困难地区的支持、能源与竞争政策；对以下方面的态度：欧洲货币联盟、共同外交政策、共同防御与安全政策、欧盟进一步扩大、欧盟宪法、双速欧洲（two-speed Europe）、将欧盟机构设为学校科目；本国最重要政治目标；后物质主义（postmaterialism）（量表）；欧盟偏好行动；欧洲防御政策领域的偏好决策层级：国家政府、北约（NATO）、欧盟；对欧盟预算增加的态度；知识测试：欧盟预算最主要支出领域；对美国与欧盟在以下方面角色的评估：世界和平、反恐与减贫、全球经济增长、环境保护；感到自己是欧洲人的频率；未来个人身份认同预期（欧洲人或国民）；民族自豪感；作为欧洲人的自豪感；认同为世界公民的频率；对特定国家加入欧盟的态度（瑞士、挪威、波黑、克罗地亚、前南斯拉夫马其顿共和国、塞尔维亚与黑山、冰岛、阿尔巴尼亚、保加利亚、罗马尼亚、乌克兰、土耳其）；对土耳其加入欧盟的态度（量表）；对欧盟宪法的看法；对欧盟宪法通过对欧盟民主、效率、透明度影响的评估；对通过后欧盟全球实力、经济竞争力及社会意识影响的预期；对欧盟宪法对欧盟机构运作必要性的看法。

2. 欧洲经济与全球化：欧洲与美国、日本、中国、印度在生活质量及经济表现上的比较；欧洲与美国在以下方面发展的比较：科技与医学研究、环境保护、创新技术、医疗体系、教育、应对社会差距/失业/歧视、新企业创建；对欧洲单一市场（European single market）加剧竞争的积极效果评估；“全球化（globalisation）”一词的联想；对“欧盟保护民众免受全球化负面影响”陈述的认同度；企业搬迁的假设原因；对外籍劳工移民的态度（特定经济部门必需、解决欧洲人口老龄化（ageing of the European population）必需）；对保住工作及养老金未来的信心；保障本国养老金体系融资的偏好措施；提升欧洲经济表现的偏好措施。

3. 能源：公共机构帮助民众减少能源消耗的偏好措施；国家政府减少能源进口依赖的偏好措施；为可再生能源（renewable sources）支付更高费用的意愿（分支：减少能源消耗的意愿）；应对能源领域挑战的偏好决策层级（欧洲、国家、地方）；购买灯泡/冰箱/汽车时是否考虑能耗；假设燃油价格超过2欧元/升时减少汽车使用的意愿；自有汽车的偏好替代方式。

4. 农业政策：对欧盟农业政策的态度；农业政策最重要目标；欧盟农业政策在以下方面的正负作用：农民收入维持、欧洲农业全球竞争力提升、帮助农民适应消费者期望、农村生活改善、区域发展差距缩小、农产品多样化鼓励、有机农业（organic farming）推广、环境友好对待、欧洲农产品特异性保护、中小型农场（small and medium sized farms）保护、农产品健康安全保障、农场动物福利；对欧盟农业政策从单一农产品补贴转向农村经济整体发展资金支持的积极评估。

在保加利亚、罗马尼亚、土耳其、克罗地亚及北塞浦路斯，受访者还被问及：对本国未来加入欧盟是否为好事的评估；该成员国身份带来的益处。

仅在英国：对英国当前担任欧盟理事会轮值主席国的认知与意义。

仅在奥地利：对奥地利未来担任欧盟理事会轮值主席国的认知与意义。

在25个欧盟成员国中，受访者还被问及：在法国与荷兰否决后，对继续推进欧盟宪法批准进程（ratification process）的态度。

人口统计：国籍；职业；职业状态；左右翼自我定位（left-right self-placement）；婚姻状况；教育结束时的年龄；性别；年龄；社区类型；家庭构成与规模；是否拥有移动电话及固定电话（landline）；媒体使用情况；互联网使用情况。

附加编码信息：访谈日期；访谈开始时间；访谈时长；访谈时在场人数；受访者配合度；居住地区规模；区域；访谈语言（在卢森堡、比利时、西班牙、芬兰、爱沙尼亚、拉脱维亚、马耳他、土耳其）；权重系数（weighting factor）；访谈员ID（interviewer-ID）。