Data from: You are what you eat: diet-induced chemical crypsis in a coral-feeding reef fish

Abstract [Related Publication]: The vast majority of research into the mechanisms of camouflage has focused on forms that confound visual perception. However, many organisms primarily interact with their surroundings using chemosensory systems and may have evolved mechanisms to 'blend in' with chemical components of their habitat. One potential mechanism is 'chemical crypsis' via the sequestration of dietary elements, causing a consumer's odour to chemically match that of its prey. Here, we test the potential for chemical crypsis in the coral-feeding filefish, Oxymonacanthus longirostris, by examining olfactory discrimination in obligate coral-dwelling crabs and a predatory cod. The crabs, which inhabit the corals consumed by O. longirostris, were used as a bioassay to determine the effect of coral diet on fish odour. Crabs preferred the odour of filefish fed their preferred coral over the odour of filefish fed a non-preferred coral, suggesting coral-specific dietary elements that influence odour are sequestered. Crabs also exhibited a similar preference for the odour of filefish fed their preferred coral and odour directly from that coral, suggesting a close chemical match. In behavioural trials, predatory cod were less attracted to filefish odour when presented alongside the coral it had been fed on, suggesting diet can reduce detectability. This is, we believe, the first evidence of diet-induced chemical crypsis in a vertebrate.Data consists of 1 file: Data_RSPB_RMB_etal.xlsxDryad data package includes README file for interpretation of data:Sheet A) crab bioassaysCrab spp.:  Trapezia cymodoce; Tetralia glaberimma Trial: 1-7Crab no.: 1-16Side: L- Left; R- Right; C- Centre Habitat selected:Trials 1,2,3,4,6,7: PD- Pocillopora damicornis; AS- Acropora spathulata; NC- No choice Trial 5: F- Fish; C- Coral; NC- No choiceKeyTrialCrab spp.Odours1Both        A. spathulata coral odour vs. P. damicornis coral odour2Both        A. spathulata fish odor vs. P. damicornis fish odour3Both        A. spathulata fish odour vs.A. spathulata fish odour4Both        P. damicornis fish odour vs. P. damicornis fish odour5T. cymodoceP. damicornis coral odour vs. P. damicornis fish odour5T. glaberimmaA. spathulata coral odour vs.A. spathulata fish odour6Both        P. damicornis fish odour vs. A. spathulata coral odour7Both        A. spathulata fish odour vs. P. damicornis coral odour Sheet B) Predators- activity levelFish: 21-27Treatment: 1-6KeyTreatment   Corals                     Diet of associated fish1     a) Pocillopora b) Pocillopora   a) Pocillopora b) Pocillopora2     a) Acropora    b) Acropora     a) Acropora    b) Acropora3     a) Pocillopora b) Pocillopora   a) Pocillopora b) Acropora4     a) Acropora    b) Acropora     a) Pocillopora b) Acropora5     a) No coral    b ) No coral     a) Pocillopora b) Acropora6     a) Acropora    b) Acropora     a) Pocillopora b) PocilloporaNote: % data logit-transformed prior to analysis Sheet C) Predators - detectabilityFish:1-18Note: only active predators were included in this analysis (i.e. 19-27 excluded) Key 1Treatments   Corals                       Diet of associated fish3      a) Pocillopora  b) Pocillopora   a) Pocillopora   b) Acropora4      a) Acropora     b) Acropora      a) Pocillopora   b) Acropora Key 2A     Proportion of exposed time spent next to fish whose diet differed from associated coralB     Proportion of exposed time spent next to fish whose diet matched associated coralC     Proportion of exposed time not next to either fish The full methodology is available in the publication shown in the Related Publications link below.

摘要 [相关出版物]：绝大多数关于伪装机制的研究均聚焦于干扰视觉感知的形态。然而，许多生物主要通过化学感知系统与环境互动，可能已演化出与栖息地化学组分“融合”的机制。一种潜在机制是通过摄取膳食成分实现的“化学拟态（chemical crypsis）”，使消费者的气味在化学层面与其猎物匹配。本研究通过分析专性珊瑚栖息蟹类及捕食性鳕鱼的嗅觉辨别能力，测试了食珊瑚锉鱼（Oxymonacanthus longirostris）的化学拟态潜力。栖息于锉鱼所食珊瑚的蟹类被用作生物测定模型，以探究珊瑚饮食对鱼类气味的影响。蟹类更偏好以其首选珊瑚为食的锉鱼气味，而非以非首选珊瑚为食的锉鱼气味，表明影响气味的珊瑚特异性膳食成分已被摄取。蟹类对以首选珊瑚为食的锉鱼气味与该珊瑚直接气味的偏好相似，提示二者化学匹配度较高。行为试验中，当锉鱼气味与所食珊瑚同时呈现时，捕食性鳕鱼对其吸引力降低，表明饮食可降低可探测性。我们认为，这是脊椎动物中饮食诱导化学拟态的首次证据。

数据包含1个文件：Data_RSPB_RMB_etal.xlsx
Dryad数据包含用于数据解读的README文件：

Sheet A) 蟹类生物测定
蟹种：Trapezia cymodoce；Tetralia glaberimma
试验：1-7
蟹编号：1-16
侧位：L-左；R-右；C-中
栖息地选择：
试验1、2、3、4、6、7：PD-鹿角杯形珊瑚（Pocillopora damicornis）；AS-spathulata鹿角珊瑚（Acropora spathulata）；NC-无选择
试验5：F-鱼；C-珊瑚；NC-无选择

关键信息
试验 蟹种 气味
1 两种 spathulata鹿角珊瑚（Acropora spathulata）气味 vs 鹿角杯形珊瑚（Pocillopora damicornis）气味
2 两种 spathulata鹿角珊瑚饲养鱼气味 vs 鹿角杯形珊瑚饲养鱼气味
3 两种 spathulata鹿角珊瑚饲养鱼气味 vs spathulata鹿角珊瑚饲养鱼气味
4 两种 鹿角杯形珊瑚饲养鱼气味 vs 鹿角杯形珊瑚饲养鱼气味
5 T. cymodoce 鹿角杯形珊瑚气味 vs 鹿角杯形珊瑚饲养鱼气味
5 T. glaberimma spathulata鹿角珊瑚气味 vs spathulata鹿角珊瑚饲养鱼气味
6 两种 鹿角杯形珊瑚饲养鱼气味 vs spathulata鹿角珊瑚气味
7 两种 spathulata鹿角珊瑚饲养鱼气味 vs 鹿角杯形珊瑚气味

Sheet B) 捕食者-活动水平
鱼：21-27
处理：1-6

关键信息
处理 珊瑚 关联鱼的饮食
1 a)鹿角杯形珊瑚 b)鹿角杯形珊瑚 a)鹿角杯形珊瑚 b)鹿角杯形珊瑚
2 a)spathulata鹿角珊瑚 b)spathulata鹿角珊瑚 a)spathulata鹿角珊瑚 b)spathulata鹿角珊瑚
3 a)鹿角杯形珊瑚 b)鹿角杯形珊瑚 a)鹿角杯形珊瑚 b)spathulata鹿角珊瑚
4 a)spathulata鹿角珊瑚 b)spathulata鹿角珊瑚 a)鹿角杯形珊瑚 b)spathulata鹿角珊瑚
5 a)无珊瑚 b)无珊瑚 a)鹿角杯形珊瑚 b)spathulata鹿角珊瑚
6 a)spathulata鹿角珊瑚 b)spathulata鹿角珊瑚 a)鹿角杯形珊瑚 b)鹿角杯形珊瑚
注：百分比数据在分析前已进行logit转换

Sheet C) 捕食者-可探测性
鱼：1-18
注：仅活跃捕食者纳入本分析（即排除19-27）

关键信息1
处理 珊瑚 关联鱼的饮食
3 a)鹿角杯形珊瑚 b)鹿角杯形珊瑚 a)鹿角杯形珊瑚 b)spathulata鹿角珊瑚
4 a)spathulata鹿角珊瑚 b)spathulata鹿角珊瑚 a)鹿角杯形珊瑚 b)spathulata鹿角珊瑚

关键信息2
A 饮食与关联珊瑚不同的鱼旁停留时间占比
B 饮食与关联珊瑚匹配的鱼旁停留时间占比
C 未在任何鱼旁停留的时间占比

完整方法学详见下方相关出版物链接中的文献。