The chloroplast genome of Rosa rugosa × Rosa sertata (Rosaceae): genome structure and comparative analysis

Abstract Rosa rugosa × Rosa sertata, which belongs to the family Rosaceae, is one of the native oil-bearing roses in China. Most research has focused on its essential oil components and medicinal values. However, there have been few studies about its chloroplast genome. In this study, the whole chloroplast genome of R. rugosa × R. sertata was sequenced, analyzed, and compared to other genus Rosa species. The chloroplast genome of R. rugosa × R. sertata is a circular structure and 157,120 bp in length. The large single copy and small single copy is 86,173 bp and 18,743 bp in size, respectively, and the inverted repeats are 26,102 bp in size. The GC content of the whole genome is 37.96%, while those of regions of LSC, SSC, and IR are 35.20%, 31.18%, and 42.73%, respectively. There are 130 different genes annotated in this chloroplast genome, including 84 protein coding genes, 37 tRNA genes, 8 rRNA genes, and 1 pseudogene. Phylogenetic analysis of 19 species revealed that R. rugosa × R. sertata belong to the Sect. Cinnamomeae. Overall, this study, providing genomic resources of R. rugosa × R. sertata, will be beneficial for species identification and biological research.

摘要 皱叶玫瑰×钝叶蔷薇（Rosa rugosa × Rosa sertata）隶属于蔷薇科（Rosaceae），是中国本土油料蔷薇物种之一。目前相关研究多聚焦于其精油成分与药用价值，针对其叶绿体基因组（chloroplast genome）的报道较为匮乏。本研究对该杂交种的完整叶绿体基因组进行了测序、分析，并与蔷薇属（Rosa）其他物种开展了比较基因组学分析。该叶绿体基因组呈环状结构，全长157120 bp；其中大单拷贝区（large single copy, LSC）、小单拷贝区（small single copy, SSC）与反向重复区（inverted repeat, IR）的长度分别为86173 bp、18743 bp及26102 bp。全基因组GC含量为37.96%，其中LSC、SSC及IR区的GC含量分别为35.20%、31.18%与42.73%。该叶绿体基因组共注释得到130个不同基因，包括84个蛋白编码基因、37个转运RNA（transfer RNA, tRNA）基因、8个核糖体RNA（ribosomal RNA, rRNA）基因以及1个假基因（pseudogene）。基于19个物种的系统发育分析结果表明，皱叶玫瑰×钝叶蔷薇隶属于肉桂组（Sect. Cinnamomeae）。综上，本研究为皱叶玫瑰×钝叶蔷薇提供了基因组学资源，将有助于该物种的鉴定及相关生物学研究。