Bryophytes of Rio Turvo State Park (SP), Brazil: integrating floristics, geographical distribution, reproduction and ecological traits to support the conservation of an Atlantic Forest fragment

ABSTRACT Rio Turvo State Park (RTSP) is a Conservation Unit located within the Atlantic Forest biome in the Vale do Ribeira region of the State of São Paulo, Brazil. Considering the lack of knowledge regarding its bryoflora, we performed a floristic inventory of RTSP (following the random-walk method), the results of which we report here including discussion of the geographical distribution (Brazil and worldwide), substrate colonization, life forms and reproduction of the species. We found a total of 414 species, which represents 30 % of all known bryophyte species in Brazil. Dioicous species were predominant over monoicous species, the most colonized substrate was tree trunk (40 % of all species) and the predominant life form was mat (47 %), indicating that the floristic composition is influenced by the environmental conditions of the area (high humidity, dense vegetation and shading). Although anthropogenic intervention is present in RTSP, it harbors huge biodiverse potential, since 22 % of the species are rare. Furthermore, 16 new occurrences were recorded for the State of São Paulo. The information provided by this study exalts the importance of this Conservation Unit in the preservation of bryophytes, as well as all the biodiversity of its included ecosystems.

摘要：里奥图尔武州立公园（Rio Turvo State Park，简称RTSP）是坐落于巴西圣保罗州里贝拉谷地区大西洋森林生物群系内的保护单元。鉴于当前对该区域苔藓植物区系（bryoflora）的认知匮乏，本研究采用随机游走法对RTSP开展了植物区系普查，现将研究结果报道如下，并对所涉物种的地理分布（覆盖巴西境内及全球范围）、基质定殖特征、生活型及繁殖策略进行了探讨。本次普查共记录到414个苔藓植物物种，占巴西已知苔藓植物物种总数的30%。其中雌雄异株物种的占比高于雌雄同株物种；最主要的定殖基质为树干，占所有记录物种的40%；优势生活型为垫状，占比达47%，这表明该区域的植物区系组成受当地环境条件——高湿度、植被茂密且遮阴充足——的显著影响。尽管RTSP存在人为干预活动，但其仍具备极高的生物多样性潜力：22%的记录物种为稀有物种，此外还为圣保罗州新增了16个苔藓植物物种的分布记录。本研究提供的信息凸显了该保护单元在保护苔藓植物及其所涵盖的各类生态系统生物多样性方面的重要价值。