WHONDRS River Corridor Dissolved Oxygen, Temperature, Sediment Aerobic Respiration, Grain Size, and Water Chemistry from Machine-Learning-Informed Sites across the Contiguous United States (v4)

This dataset supports a broader study examining hyporheic zone respiration rates to improve predictive models at a contiguous United States (CONUS) scale. The CONUS-Scale Model-Sample Study (CM) was designed following ICON (integrated, coordinated, open, and networked) principles to facilitate a model-experiment (ModEx) iteration approach, leveraging crowdsourced sampling across the CONUS. New machine learning models were created every month to guide sampling locations. Data from the resulting samples were used to test and rebuild the machine learning models for the next round of sampling guidance. Sampling began in April 2022 and ended in October 2023. In addition to the widely distributed CONUS sites, a more spatially focused sampling occurred in the Yakima River Basin, WA in summer 2022. Data from this more spatially intensive sampling occurred under the label “Second Spatial Study (SSS)” and were also included in the machine learning models. Other data types collected from SSS that were not part of CM were published in a separate data package (https://data.ess-dive.lbl.gov/view/doi:10.15485/1969566) . This dataset is comprised of two folders with field photos and videos and one main data folder containing (1) file-level metadata; (2) data dictionary; (3) field metadata; (4) readme; (5) international generic sample number (IGSN) mapping file; (6) field protocols; (7) a subfolder with sample data; and (8) a subfolder with sensor data. The sample data subfolder contains (1) dissolved organic carbon (DOC, measured as non-purgeable organic carbon, NPOC) data and averages; (2) total nitrogen data and averages; (3) surface water major cations and anions and averages; (4) sediment grain size data; (5) sediment iron (II) data and averages; (6) wet sediment mass, dry sediment mass, water mass, and wet sediment volume in incubation vial; (7) sediment incubation respiration rate data and averages; (8) normalized respiration rate data and averages; (9) methods codes; (10) sediment specific surface area; (11) sediment percent carbon and nitrogen; (12) sediment gravimetric moisture and averages; (15) sediment X-ray diffraction (XRD) data; (16) sediment adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and averages; and (17) a subfolder with sediment incubation respiration data, scripts, and plots. The sensor data subfolder contains (1) a subfolder with miniDOT dissolved oxygen and temperature data and plots; (2) miniDOT dissolved oxygen and temperature summary data; and (3) miniDOT installation methods. All files are .csv, .pdf, .R, .jpg, .jpeg, .png, .mov, or .mp4. This data package was originally published in February 2023. It was updated in June 2023 (v2; new and modified files); December 2023 (v3; new and modified files); and June 2024 (v4; new and modified files). See the change history section in the readme for more details. We thank the United States Forest Service, Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife, Washington Department of Natural Resources, Cowiche Canyon Conservatory, Washington State Parks and Recreation Commission (Scientific Research Permit #210901), and the Confederated Tribes and Bands of the Yakama Nation for access to field locations where the SSS samples were collected. We also thank the Yakama Nation Tribal Council and Yakama Nation Fisheries for working with us to facilitate sample collection and optimization of data usage according to their values and worldview.

本数据集为一项更广泛的研究提供支持，该研究旨在探究潜流带呼吸速率，以改进美国本土（contiguous United States, CONUS）尺度的预测模型。美国本土尺度模型-样本研究（CONUS-Scale Model-Sample Study, CM）遵循ICON（integrated, coordinated, open, and networked，即整合、协调、开放、网络化）原则设计，采用模型-实验（ModEx）迭代方法，利用美国本土范围内的众包采样。每月构建新的机器学习模型以指导采样位置，所得样本数据用于测试和重建模型，为下一轮采样提供指导。采样于2022年4月启动，2023年10月结束。除分布广泛的美国本土站点外，2022年夏季在华盛顿州亚基马河流域开展了空间聚焦性更强的采样。该空间密集型采样的数据被标记为"第二次空间研究（Second Spatial Study, SSS）"，并纳入机器学习模型。从SSS收集的非CM项目数据类型已发布在独立数据包中（链接：https://data.ess-dive.lbl.gov/view/doi:10.15485/1969566）。

本数据集包含两个野外照片和视频文件夹，以及一个主数据文件夹，后者包含：（1）文件级元数据；（2）数据字典；（3）野外元数据；（4）说明文档（readme）；（5）国际通用样本编号（international generic sample number, IGSN）映射文件；（6）野外操作规范；（7）样本数据子文件夹；（8）传感器数据子文件夹。

样本数据子文件夹包含：（1）溶解有机碳（dissolved organic carbon, DOC，以非吹扫有机碳non-purgeable organic carbon, NPOC计）数据及平均值；（2）总氮数据及平均值；（3）地表水主要阴阳离子数据及平均值；（4）沉积物粒度数据；（5）沉积物二价铁数据及平均值；（6）培养瓶中湿沉积物质量、干沉积物质量、水量及湿沉积物体积；（7）沉积物培养呼吸速率数据及平均值；（8）标准化呼吸速率数据及平均值；（9）方法代码；（10）沉积物比表面积；（11）沉积物碳氮百分比；（12）沉积物重量含水率数据及平均值；（15）沉积物X射线衍射（X-ray diffraction, XRD）数据；（16）沉积物三磷酸腺苷（adenosine triphosphate, ATP）数据及平均值；（17）包含沉积物培养呼吸数据、脚本及图表的子文件夹。

传感器数据子文件夹包含：（1）miniDOT溶解氧及温度数据和图表的子文件夹；（2）miniDOT溶解氧及温度汇总数据；（3）miniDOT安装方法。

所有文件格式为.csv、.pdf、.R、.jpg、.jpeg、.png、.mov或.mp4。本数据包最初发布于2023年2月，分别于2023年6月（v2版，新增及修改文件）、2023年12月（v3版，新增及修改文件）和2024年6月（v4版，新增及修改文件）进行更新。更多细节请参见readme中的变更历史部分。

感谢美国林务局、华盛顿鱼类和野生动物部、华盛顿自然资源部、科威奇峡谷保护协会、华盛顿州立公园和娱乐委员会（科研许可编号#210901）以及亚基马部落联盟（Confederated Tribes and Bands of the Yakama Nation）提供SSS样本采集的野外地点访问权限。同时感谢亚基马部落议会及亚基马部落渔业局与我们合作，根据其价值观和世界观协助样本采集并优化数据使用。