The chromosomal-level genome assembly and annotation of Rosa bracteata(Macartney Rose)

Rosa bracteata is the sole wild species in the section Bracteatae of the genus Rosa, and has served as a paternal donor in modern rose breeding due to its exceptional heat tolerance. Beyond its horticultural significance, R. bracteata also exhibits notable medicinal properties. Here, we present the first high-quality, chromosome-scale genome assembly of R. bracteata, comprising 540.63 Mb with a contig N50 of 35.97 Mb, anchored onto seven pseudochromosomes. A total of 42,789 protein-coding genes were predicted, of which 38,394 were functionally annotated using public databases. This high-quality genome provides a valuable resource for investigating genetic evolution, facilitating molecular breeding, and exploring the medicinal potential of Rosa species.

硕苞蔷薇（Rosa bracteata）是蔷薇属（Rosa）硕苞蔷薇组（Bracteatae）中唯一的野生种，因其极强的耐热性，成为现代月季育种中的父本供体。除园艺价值外，硕苞蔷薇还具备显著的药用特性。本研究首次完成了硕苞蔷薇的高质量染色体级别基因组组装，其基因组总大小为540.63 Mb，重叠群N50（contig N50）为35.97 Mb，序列锚定至7条假染色体（pseudochromosomes）上。研究共预测得到42789个蛋白质编码基因，其中38394个基因通过公共数据库完成了功能注释。该高质量基因组为探究蔷薇属植物的遗传进化、推进分子育种以及发掘其药用潜力提供了宝贵的研究资源。