Some physico-chemical properties, fatty acid compositions, macro-micro minerals and sterol contents of two variety tigernut tubers and oils harvested from East Mediterranean region

Abstract This research on Yellow sugar and Honey tuber varieties tigernut tubers’ oils physico-chemical properties were investigated to collected from Adana province in Turkey. The 1000 seed weight, width, length, moisture, ash and ascorbic acid values of yellow sugar and honey wax tubers were established as 343,496 and 327,524 g, 7.61 and 8.76 mm, 17.07 and 15.23 mm, 6.41 and 6.45%, 1.19 and 1.38% and 67.34 and 58.81 mg/kg, respectively. Free fatty acidity, peroxide values, refractive index, density, iodine number, total sterol, saponifiable matter, unsaponifiable matter, mineral values of yellow sugar and honey tuber tigernut oils were determined. The palmitic, stearic, oleic and linoleic acid contents of yellow sugar and honey tuber oils were determined as 13.02 and 12.76, 3.92 and 3.94, 69.34 and 69.91, and 11.93 and 11.80%, respectively. Campesterol, sitigmasterol and β-sitosterol contents of yellow sugar and honey tuber tigernut oils were determined. According to results, chufa tubers have high oil, oleic acid, sterol and some minerals suggest that these tubers may be very useful effect on human health and tuber oils can be use in the vegatable oil industry.

摘要 本研究针对采自土耳其阿达纳省的黄糖型与蜂蜜型油莎豆（tigernut）块茎油脂的理化特性展开探究。本研究测定了两类油莎豆块茎的多项基础指标：千粒重分别为343.496 g与327.524 g，块茎宽度分别为7.61 mm与8.76 mm，块茎长度分别为17.07 mm与15.23 mm，水分含量分别为6.41%与6.45%，灰分含量分别为1.19%与1.38%，抗坏血酸含量分别为67.34 mg/kg与58.81 mg/kg。此外，本研究还测定了两类油莎豆油脂的游离脂肪酸酸度、过氧化值、折射率、密度、碘值、总甾醇、可皂化物、不皂化物以及矿物元素含量。针对脂肪酸组成的分析显示，黄糖型与蜂蜜型油莎豆油脂中的棕榈酸、硬脂酸、油酸与亚油酸含量分别为13.02%与12.76%、3.92%与3.94%、69.34%与69.91%、11.93%与11.80%。本研究同时测定了两类油莎豆油脂中的菜油甾醇（campesterol）、豆甾醇（sitigmasterol）与β-谷甾醇（β-sitosterol）含量。研究结果表明，油莎豆块茎富含油脂、油酸、甾醇与部分矿物元素，提示该类块茎对人体健康具有积极应用价值，其提取油脂可应用于植物油脂工业。