Dataset for "Enhanced Rock Weathering in Acid Mine Drainage Systems: Carbon Removal Potential and Co-Benefits"

This dataset is aimed to support for the manuscript, entitled "Enhanced Rock Weathering in Acid Mine Drainage Systems: Carbon Removal Potential and Co-Benefits"Enhanced Rock Weathering (ERW) is increasingly recognized as a promising carbon dioxide removal (CDR) strategy, yet most studies have focused on cropland applications. Our work introduces a pioneering perspective by extending ERW to acid mine drainage (AMD) channels, which provide inherently favorable conditions for mineral dissolution due to their strong acidity and continuous flow-through nature. Using one-dimensional reactive transport modeling, we assessed the basalt dissolution efficiency, carbon removal potential, and integrated co-benefits under a range of AMD scenarios (pH 2–4; flow rates 0.005–0.5 m3 s-1, particle sizes 10–1,000 mm).The results demonstrate that a single AMD channel could dissolve up to 10,500 tons of basalt annually, equating to approximately 3,360 tCO2 sequestered per year. Beyond CDR, the simulations indicate that AMD ERW can raise system pH above 3.1, facilitating the passive removal of arsenic via schwertmannite precipitation, an important co-benefit for water quality improvement. Together, these findings highlight AMD ERW as a novel, dual-benefit approach that combines carbon removal with passive mine water treatment.This study contributes to the broader field of negative emission technologies by:Proposing AMD channels as an underexplored, scalable deployment environment for ERW.Demonstrating high CDR efficiency under acidic, high-flow conditions with reduced reliance on finely ground particles.Identifying co-benefits of water treatment, which may enhance the practical applicability and social acceptance of ERW.We believe that findings in this study offers actionable insights toward developing monitoring, reporting, and validation (MRV) frameworks for ERW in river-based systems.

本数据集旨在支撑题为《酸性矿山排水系统中强化岩石风化：碳移除潜力与协同效益》的研究论文。强化岩石风化（Enhanced Rock Weathering, ERW）正日益被视为极具前景的二氧化碳移除（Carbon Dioxide Removal, CDR）策略，但当前多数研究均聚焦于农田应用场景。本研究开创性地将ERW拓展至酸性矿山排水（Acid Mine Drainage, AMD）渠道场景——这类渠道因强酸性与持续流通的特性，天生具备适宜矿物溶解的环境条件。本研究采用一维反应输运模型，在多组AMD场景（pH值2~4；流速0.005~0.5 m³·s⁻¹；粒径10~1000 mm）下，评估了玄武岩溶解效率、碳移除潜力与综合协同效益。研究结果显示，单条AMD渠道年玄武岩溶解量可达10500吨，相当于每年固存约3360吨二氧化碳当量。除二氧化碳移除外，模拟结果表明，AMD场景下的ERW可将系统pH提升至3.1以上，通过施威特曼石（schwertmannite）沉淀实现砷的被动去除，这是改善水质的重要协同效益。综上，本研究结果表明，AMD场景下的ERW是一种兼具双重效益的创新方案，可同时实现碳移除与矿山废水的被动处理。本研究为负排放技术领域的发展做出如下贡献：提出将AMD渠道作为ERW尚待探索且可规模化部署的应用场景；证明在酸性高流速条件下，无需依赖细磨颗粒即可实现高效CDR；明确了水质改善的协同效益，这有助于提升ERW的实际应用可行性与社会接受度。我们认为，本研究结果可为构建河基系统中ERW的监测、报告与验证（Monitoring, Reporting, and Validation, MRV）框架提供可落地的参考思路。