A multiyear (2020-2024) geophysical dataset, acquired over Midtre Lovénbreen glacier forefield, Svalbard, comprised of physicochemical properties of deglaciated soils, freeze-thaw electrical imaging and photographic data of site conditions

A continuous four-year record of physicochemical properties of soils deglaciated in the last century due to the retreat of Midtre Lovénbreen (ML) glacier in the vicinity of Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard. Below ground data are accompanied by an over ground three-year (2022-2024) photographic record aimed at capturing snow depth levels during the transition seasons between Arctic summer and winter (NET0105681_SUNSPEARS_Photographic data). This dataset aids our understanding of deglaciated soil evolution in the current rapidly changing Arctic landscape.
At four locations (reported in NET0105681_SUNSPEARS_GPS data) along the ML glacier forefield, in October 2020, soil in four different stages of development, depending on time elapsed since deglaciation, was sampled. Samples were processed in the laboratory in order to determine their texture (results reported in NET0105681_SUNSPEARS_Particle Size Analysis data) and X-ray CT scanned in order to determine their internal structure (CT reconstructed images reported in NET0105681_SUNSPEARS_Computed Tomography data). At two of the four sampling locations (SUN1 and SUN2), geophysical monitoring stations were installed, which use an array of sensors to continuously measure soil electrical resistivity in 3D (NET0105681_SUNSPEARS_PRIME 3D ERT data). Raw electrical resistivity data, instrument health data and corresponding reconstructed 3D electrical resistivity profile images (and timelapse videos) of the subsurface are included. Topographic surveys of all the sensors operated by the monitoring stations are included. In the vicinity of the two geophysical monitoring stations, longer and deeper electrical resistivity profiles were acquired. These allow one to image the boundary between the active layer (that freezes and thaws depending on ambient temperature) and underlying permanently frozen ground. Raw electrical resistivity data and corresponding reconstructed 2D electrical resistivity profile images of the subsurface are included (NET0105681_SUNSPEARS_PRIME 2D ERT data).

本数据集包含斯瓦尔巴群岛新奥尔松附近Midtre Lovénbreen（ML）冰川退缩导致的、于上世纪裸露的土壤理化性质连续四年观测记录。地下数据辅以地面三年（2022-2024）摄影记录，旨在捕捉北极夏冬过渡季节的积雪深度变化（NET0105681_SUNSPEARS_Photographic数据）。该数据集有助于加深我们对当前快速变化的北极地貌中，冰川退缩裸露土壤演化过程的理解。

2020年10月，研究人员在ML冰川前缘的四个点位（详见NET0105681_SUNSPEARS_GPS数据）采集了土壤样本，这些样本代表了冰川退缩后不同发育阶段的土壤（依据裸露时间划分）。样本经实验室处理以测定其质地（结果见NET0105681_SUNSPEARS_Particle Size Analysis数据），并通过X射线计算机断层扫描（CT）分析其内部结构（重建图像见NET0105681_SUNSPEARS_Computed Tomography数据）。在四个采样点中的两个（SUN1和SUN2），研究人员安装了地球物理监测站，通过传感器阵列持续测量土壤三维电阻率（NET0105681_SUNSPEARS_PRIME 3D ERT数据）。数据集包含原始电阻率数据、仪器状态数据、对应的地下三维电阻率剖面重建图像（及延时视频），以及监测站所有传感器的地形测量数据。在两个地球物理监测站附近，研究人员获取了更长、更深的电阻率剖面数据，可用于成像活动层（随环境温度冻融的土层）与下方永久冻土层之间的边界。数据集包含原始电阻率数据及对应的地下二维电阻率剖面重建图像（NET0105681_SUNSPEARS_PRIME 2D ERT数据）。