Descriptive statistics of the sample.

Sustainable management of common pool resources requires local information and participation. We develop a framework for managing commons based on threats, consequences, and solutions (TCS). The status of the community’s interaction with their local commons is critical in developing viable solutions to avoiding the loss of natural resources, enhancing the benefits they provide, and sustaining the functions they perform. Threats to natural resources, the consequences of their depletion, and the solutions local communities perceive as most effective to prevent this loss are assessed as related to socioeconomic and landscape factors to develop strategies for the resilience of commons. Communities and representative stakeholders (224 respondents) participated in a survey in Honduras’s Lake Yojoa watershed. The community’s perception was also evaluated for impacts of changes in land use and climate on local commons. An ordinal logistic regression analysis was used to determine the effect of land use, geographic, and demographic factors on community perceptions. Distance to the lake, landcover percentages, slope, type of work, age, and importance of tourism were significant in influencing community interaction and perception of TCS. The involvement of communities in deriving knowledge on TCS is critical to increasing the resilience of local commons to emerging threats.

公共池资源（common pool resources）的可持续管理需要依托本地信息与公众参与。本研究构建了基于威胁、后果与解决方案（Threats, Consequences, Solutions，以下简称TCS）的公地管理框架。社区与本地公地的互动现状，对于制定可行方案以避免自然资源流失、提升其供给效益、维持其生态服务功能至关重要。针对自然资源面临的威胁、资源耗竭带来的后果，以及当地社区认为最有效的防流失解决方案，本研究结合社会经济与景观因子开展评估，以此制定提升公地韧性的相关策略。洪都拉斯约霍阿湖流域的社区及代表性利益相关者（共224名受访者）参与了本次问卷调查。研究同时评估了社区对土地利用与气候变化影响本地公地的认知情况。本研究采用有序logistic回归分析，以明确土地利用、地理及人口统计因子对社区认知的影响效应。距湖距离、土地覆被占比、坡度、职业类型、年龄以及旅游业重要性等因子，对社区与TCS相关的互动行为及认知具有显著影响。社区参与获取TCS相关知识，对于提升本地公地应对新兴威胁的韧性具有关键作用。