NASA-GISS: GISS-E2-R model output prepared for CMIP5 historicalMisc, served by ESGF

Project: IPCC Assessment Report 5 and Coupled Model Intercomparison Project data sets - These data belong to two projects: 1) to the Assessment Report No 5 of the International Panel on Climate Change (IPCC-AR5) and 2) to the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project No 5 (CMIP5). CMIP5 is executed by the Program for Climate Model Diagnosis and Intercomparison (PCMDI) on behalf of the World Climate Research Programme (WCRP). Most of the data is replicated between the three data nodes at the World Data Centre for Climate (WDCC), the British Atmospheric Data Centre (BADC), and the PCMDI. The project embraces the simulations with about 30 climate models of about 20 institutes worldwide. Summary: historicalMisc is an experiment of the CMIP5 - Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 ( https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5 ). CMIP5 is meant to provide a framework for coordinated climate change experiments for the next five years and thus includes simulations for assessment in the AR5 as well as others that extend beyond the AR5. Experiment design: https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5/experiment_design.html List of output variables: https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5/datadescription.html Output: time series per variable in model grid spatial resolution in netCDF format Earth System model and the simulation information: CIM repository Entry name/title of data are specified according to the Data Reference Syntax ( https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5/docs/cmip5_data_reference_syntax.pdf ) as activity/product/institute/model/experiment/frequency/modeling realm/MIP table/ensemble member/version number/variable name/CMOR filename.nc . Used forcings in individual ensemble runs (see attached addinfo for more information or at http://data.giss.nasa.gov/modelE/ar5/ ): r[1-5]i1p1 - NoAIE; r[1-5]i1p102 - Sl: anthropogenic sulfate aerosol, accounting only for indirect effects; r[1-5]i1p103 - Vl: volcanic aerosol; r[1-5]i1p104 - LU: land-use change; r[1-5]i1p105 - Oz: stratospheric and tropospheric ozone from concentration; r[1-5]i1p106 - AAdirect: anthropogenic tropospheric aerosol: direct effect only (via concentration); r[1-5]i1p107 - AA: anthropogenic tropospheric aerosol: direct and indirect effect only (via concentration); r[1-5]i1p108 - BCsnow: black carbon on snow only; r[1-5]i1p109 - Ant: anthropogenic forcing (a mixture, not explicitly defined here, that might include, for example, well-mixed greenhouse gases, aerosols, ozone, and land-use changes); r[1-5]i1p302 - Sl: anthropogenic sulfate aerosol, accounting only for indirect effects; r[1-5]i1p303 - Vl: volcanic aerosol; r[1-5]i1p309 - Ant: anthropogenic forcing (a mixture, not explicitly defined here, that might include, for example, well-mixed greenhouse gases, aerosols, ozone, and land-use changes); r[1-5]i1p310 - AA: anthropogenic tropospheric aerosol via emissions of SO2, black carbon (BC), organic carbon (OC), NH3; r[1-5]i1p311 - SLG: anthropogenic tropospheric reactive gases (emissions of NOx, CO, volatile organic compounds - VOCs, CH4); r[1-5]i1p312 - ODS: emissions of CFCs; r[1-5]i1p313 - GHGnoCH4: CO2, N2O, small misc. gases by concentration, not CH4.

项目：IPCC第五次评估报告与耦合模式比较计划数据集——本数据集隶属于两大项目：1） 政府间气候变化专门委员会（International Panel on Climate Change, IPCC）第五次评估报告（IPCC-AR5）；2） 第五次耦合模式比较计划（Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5, CMIP5）。CMIP5由气候模式诊断与比较计划（Program for Climate Model Diagnosis and Intercomparison, PCMDI）代表世界气候研究计划（World Climate Research Programme, WCRP）执行。世界气候数据中心（World Data Centre for Climate, WDCC）、英国大气数据中心（British Atmospheric Data Centre, BADC）以及PCMDI的三个数据节点存储了本项目的大部分镜像副本数据。本项目涵盖了全球约20家科研机构的近30个气候模式的模拟试验。

概述：historicalMisc是CMIP5（第五次耦合模式比较计划，官方网址：https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5）的一项试验。CMIP5旨在为未来五年的协同气候变化试验提供框架，既包含用于IPCC-AR5评估的模拟试验，也包含超出AR5评估范围的其他模拟试验。

试验设计说明详见：https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5/experiment_design.html

输出变量列表详见：https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5/datadescription.html

数据输出：以netCDF格式存储各变量在模式网格空间分辨率下的时间序列。

地球系统模式与模拟信息：数据的条目名称与标题遵循数据参考语法（Data Reference Syntax, 详见https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5/docs/cmip5_data_reference_syntax.pdf），命名格式为：activity/product/institute/model/experiment/frequency/modeling realm/MIP table/ensemble member/version number/variable name/CMOR filename.nc（其中CMOR为气候模式输出重写器Climate Model Output Rewriter的缩写）。

单个集合成员试验的所用强迫因子（详见附件补充信息或http://data.giss.nasa.gov/modelE/ar5/）如下：
r[1-5]i1p1 - NoAIE：无气溶胶间接效应强迫；
r[1-5]i1p102 - Sl：仅考虑间接效应的人为硫酸盐气溶胶强迫；
r[1-5]i1p103 - Vl：火山气溶胶强迫；
r[1-5]i1p104 - LU：土地利用变化强迫；
r[1-5]i1p105 - Oz：基于浓度的平流层与对流层臭氧强迫；
r[1-5]i1p106 - AAdirect：仅考虑直接效应的对流层人为气溶胶强迫（通过浓度驱动）；
r[1-5]i1p107 - AA：对流层人为气溶胶强迫（仅考虑直接与间接效应，通过浓度驱动）；
r[1-5]i1p108 - BCsnow：积雪黑碳强迫；
r[1-5]i1p109 - Ant：人为强迫（混合强迫，未明确定义，可包含混合温室气体、气溶胶、臭氧及土地利用变化等）；
r[1-5]i1p302 - Sl：仅考虑间接效应的人为硫酸盐气溶胶强迫；
r[1-5]i1p303 - Vl：火山气溶胶强迫；
r[1-5]i1p309 - Ant：人为强迫（混合强迫，未明确定义，可包含混合温室气体、气溶胶、臭氧及土地利用变化等）；
r[1-5]i1p310 - AA：通过SO₂、黑碳（BC）、有机碳（OC）、NH₃排放驱动的对流层人为气溶胶强迫；
r[1-5]i1p311 - SLG：通过NOₓ、CO、挥发性有机物（VOCs）、CH₄排放驱动的对流层人为反应性气体强迫；
r[1-5]i1p312 - ODS：消耗臭氧层物质排放强迫；
r[1-5]i1p313 - GHGnoCH4：基于浓度的CO₂、N₂O及其他微量气体（不含CH₄）强迫。