Ice core-inferred volcanic stratospheric sulfur injection from 500 BCE to 1900 CE

Project: Earth System Model Forcing and Verification - The project consolidates data entities which are suitable to force and/or to verify Earth system models. The archived data entities contain data and data products mainly from observations or reconstruction. The eVolv2k project is supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) in the framework of the priority programme “Antarctic Research with comparative investigations in Arctic ice areas” through grant TO 967/1-1. Summary: This dataset contains ice core-based estimates of volcanic stratospheric sulfur injections covering the years 500 BCE to 1900 CE. Ice core-derived volcanic sulfate deposition composites for Antarctica (Sigl et al., 2014) and Greenland (Sigl et al., 2015) are scaled to volcanic stratospheric sulfur injection based on a method similar to that of Gao et al., (2007). Sigl, M., Winstrup, M., McConnell, J. R., Welten, K. C., Plunkett, G., Ludlow, F., Büntgen, U., Caffee, M., Chellman, N., Dahl-Jensen, D., Fischer, H., Kipfstuhl, S., Kostick, C., Maselli, O. J., Mekhaldi, F., Mulvaney, R., Muscheler, R., Pasteris, D. R., Pilcher, J. R., Salzer, M., Schüpbach, S., Steffensen, J. P., Vinther, B. M. and Woodruff, T. E.: Timing and climate forcing of volcanic eruptions for the past 2,500 years, Nature, 523, 543-549, doi:10.1038/nature14565, 2015. Sigl, M., McConnell, J. R., Toohey, M., Curran, M., Das, S. B., Edwards, R., Isaksson, E., Kawamura, K., Kipfstuhl, S., Krüger, K., Layman, L., Maselli, O. J., Motizuki, Y., Motoyama, H., Pasteris, D. R. and Severi, M.: Insights from Antarctica on volcanic forcing during the Common Era, Nat. Clim. Chang., 4, 693-697, doi:10.1038/nclimate2293, 2014. Gao, C., Oman, L., Robock, A. and Stenchikov, G. L.: Atmospheric volcanic loading derived from bipolar ice cores: Accounting for the spatial distribution of volcanic deposition, J. Geophys. Res., 112(D9), doi:10.1029/2006JD007461, 2007.

项目名称：地球系统模式强迫与验证项目（Earth System Model Forcing and Verification）。本项目旨在整合适用于强迫与验证地球系统模式的数据实体。归档的数据实体主要包含源自观测或重建的数据与数据产品。eVolv2k项目由德国研究基金会（Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, DFG）在“依托北极冰区对比研究的南极研究”优先计划框架下，通过资助编号TO 967/1-1予以支持。

摘要：本数据集包含基于冰芯的火山平流层硫注入量估算结果，时间跨度为公元前500年至公元1900年。基于与Gao等（2007年）相近的方法，将南极（Sigl等，2014年）与格陵兰（Sigl等，2015年）的冰芯衍生火山硫酸盐沉积合成数据，换算为火山平流层硫注入量。

参考文献：
1. Sigl, M., Winstrup, M., McConnell, J. R., Welten, K. C., Plunkett, G., Ludlow, F., Büntgen, U., Caffee, M., Chellman, N., Dahl-Jensen, D., Fischer, H., Kipfstuhl, S., Kostick, C., Maselli, O. J., Mekhaldi, F., Mulvaney, R., Muscheler, R., Pasteris, D. R., Pilcher, J. R., Salzer, M., Schüpbach, S., Steffensen, J. P., Vinther, B. M. 及 Woodruff, T. E.: 过去2500年火山喷发的时间及其气候强迫效应，《自然》（Nature），523卷，543-549页，DOI:10.1038/nature14565，2015年。
2. Sigl, M., McConnell, J. R., Toohey, M., Curran, M., Das, S. B., Edwards, R., Isaksson, E., Kawamura, K., Kipfstuhl, S., Krüger, K., Layman, L., Maselli, O. J., Motizuki, Y., Motoyama, H., Pasteris, D. R. 及 Severi, M.: 南极地区公元时期火山强迫研究新进展，《自然·气候变化》（Nature Climate Change），4卷，693-697页，DOI:10.1038/nclimate2293，2014年。
3. Gao, C., Oman, L., Robock, A. 及 Stenchikov, G. L.: 基于两极冰芯的大气火山载荷：考虑火山沉积空间分布，《地球物理学研究杂志》（Journal of Geophysical Research），112卷(D9期)，DOI:10.1029/2006JD007461，2007年。