various parameters of MPPT-Bat.

This paper investigates enhancing the efficiency of solar water pumping systems (SWPS) by implementing a Maximum Power Point Tracking technique based on the Bat Metaheuristic Optimizer (MPPT-bat) for the photovoltaic generator (PVG) side, coupled with Direct Torque Control (DTC) for the induction motor powering the pump. Unlike traditional techniques, which make no compromise between tracking speed, oscillation and robustness. The integration of the MPPT-bat represents a significant advance, making it possible to improve PVG performance whatever the weather conditions. The main objective remains to improve the energy efficiency of this type of application by maximizing the electrical power allocated to the SWPS. At the same time, a DTC controller applied to the pump motor aims to optimize the use of the energy generated by the MPPT-bat. This intelligent approach adjusts the motor power according to the power extracted from the PVG, thus avoiding inappropriate profiles for the pumping system. The study confirms that optimizing SWPS using this approach based on MPPT-bat and DTC, significantly improves overall performances in terms of tracking error, oscillations, tracking speed and robustness, promotes more efficient pump rotation and, consequently, increases the flow rate of pumped water, and that these improvements persist under different climate conditions.

本文针对太阳能抽水系统（Solar Water Pumping Systems, SWPS）的效率提升问题展开研究，在光伏发电机（Photovoltaic Generator, PVG）侧采用基于蝙蝠元启发式优化器（Bat Metaheuristic Optimizer）的最大功率点跟踪（Maximum Power Point Tracking, MPPT-bat）技术，并为驱动水泵的感应电机配置直接转矩控制（Direct Torque Control, DTC）方案。与传统技术不同，此类方案无法兼顾跟踪速度、振荡特性与鲁棒性三项指标。MPPT-bat技术的集成是一项重要突破，可在任意气象条件下提升光伏发电机的运行性能。本研究的核心目标在于，通过最大化分配给太阳能抽水系统的电功率，提升此类应用的能源利用效率。与此同时，应用于水泵电机的直接转矩控制器旨在优化MPPT-bat技术所产生电能的利用效率。该智能方案可根据光伏发电机提取的电功率实时调节电机输出功率，从而避免抽水系统出现不合理的运行工况。本研究证实，采用基于MPPT-bat与直接转矩控制的方案优化太阳能抽水系统，可在跟踪误差、振荡特性、跟踪速度与鲁棒性等维度显著提升整体性能，推动水泵实现更高效的旋转运行，进而提高抽水量；且上述优化效果在不同气候条件下均能保持稳定。