Data from: Karyotype analysis of four jewel-beetle species (Coleoptera, Buprestidae) detected by standard staining, C-banding, AgNOR-banding and CMA3/DAPI staining

The male karyotypes of Acmaeodera pilosellae persica Mannerheim, 1837 with 2n=20 (18+neoXY), Sphenoptera scovitzii Faldermann, 1835 (2n=38–46), Dicerca aenea validiuscula Semenov, 1895 – 2n=20 (18+Xyp) and Sphaerobothris aghababiani Volkovitsh et Kalashian, 1998 – 2n=16 (14+Xyp) were studied using conventional staining and different chromosome banding techniques: C-banding, AgNOR-banding, as well as fluorochrome Chromomycin A3 (CMA3) and DAPI. It is shown that C-positive segments are weakly visible in all four species which indicates a small amount of constitutive heterochromatin (CH). There were no signals after DAPI staining and some positive signals were discovered using CMA3 staining demonstrating absence of AT-rich DNA and presence of GC-rich clusters of CH. Nucleolus organizing regions (NORs) were revealed using Ag-NOR technique; argentophilic material mostly coincides with positive signals obtained using CMA3 staining.

本研究采用常规染色及多种染色体显带技术（C显带、AgNOR显带，以及荧光染料色霉素A3（Chromomycin A3, CMA3）和DAPI），对4种吉丁虫的雄性核型进行了分析，这4个物种分别为：二倍体染色体数2n=20（18条常染色体+新XY性染色体）的毛扁角吉丁虫波斯亚种（Acmaeodera pilosellae persica Mannerheim, 1837）、二倍体染色体数2n=38~46的斯氏楔吉丁虫（Sphenoptera scovitzii Faldermann, 1835）、二倍体染色体数2n=20（18条常染色体+Xyp性染色体）的青铜窄吉丁虫有效亚种（Dicerca aenea validiuscula Semenov, 1895），以及二倍体染色体数2n=16（14条常染色体+Xyp性染色体）的阿加巴球形吉丁虫（Sphaerobothris aghababiani Volkovitsh et Kalashian, 1998）。研究结果表明，4个物种的C带阳性区段均较弱可见，提示其组成型异染色质（constitutive heterochromatin, CH）含量较低；DAPI染色未检测到特异性信号，而CMA3染色则呈现部分阳性信号，表明这4个物种不存在AT富集的DNA区域，且存在GC富集的组成型异染色质簇。本研究通过Ag-NOR技术成功显示了核仁组织区（nucleolus organizing regions, NORs），其嗜银物质大多与CMA3染色获得的阳性信号共定位。