National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (Add Health), 1994-2008 [Public Use]

The National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (Add Health), 1994-2008 [Public Use] is a longitudinal study of a nationally representative sample of U.S. adolescents in grades 7 through 12 during the 1994-1995 school year. The Add Health cohort was followed into young adulthood with four in-home interviews, the most recent conducted in 2008 when the sample was aged 24-32. Add Health combines longitudinal survey data on respondents' social, economic, psychological, and physical well-being with contextual data on the family, neighborhood, community, school, friendships, peer groups, and romantic relationships.
Add Health Wave I data collection took place between September 1994 and December 1995, and included both an in-school questionnaire and in-home interview. The in-school questionnaire was administered to more than 90,000 students in grades 7 through 12, and gathered information on social and demographic characteristics of adolescent respondents, education and occupation of parents, household structure, expectations for the future, self-esteem, health status, risk behaviors, friendships, and school-year extracurricular activities. All students listed on a sample school's roster were eligible for selection into the core in-home interview sample. In-home interviews included topics such as health status, health-facility utilization, nutrition, peer networks, decision-making processes, family composition and dynamics, educational aspirations and expectations, employment experience, romantic and sexual partnerships, substance use, and criminal activities. A parent, preferably the resident mother, of each adolescent respondent interviewed in Wave I was also asked to complete an interviewer-assisted questionnaire covering topics such as inheritable health conditions, marriages and marriage-like relationships, neighborhood characteristics, involvement in volunteer, civic, and school activities, health-affecting behaviors, education and employment, household income and economic assistance, parent-adolescent communication and interaction, parent's familiarity with the adolescent's friends and friends' parents.
Add Health data collection recommenced for Wave II from April to August 1996, and included almost 15,000 follow-up in-home interviews with adolescents from Wave I. Interview questions were generally similar to Wave I, but also included questions about sun exposure and more detailed nutrition questions. Respondents were asked to report their height and weight during the course of the interview, and were also weighed and measured by the interviewer.
From August 2001 to April 2002, Wave III data were collected through in-home interviews with 15,170 Wave I respondents (now 18 to 26 years old), as well as interviews with their partners. Respondents were administered survey questions designed to obtain information about family, relationships, sexual experiences, childbearing, and educational histories, labor force involvement, civic participation, religion and spirituality, mental health, health insurance, illness, delinquency and violence, gambling, substance abuse, and involvement with the criminal justice system. High School Transcript Release Forms were also collected at Wave III, and these data comprise the Education Data component of the Add Health study.
Wave IV in-home interviews were conducted in 2008 and 2009 when the original Wave I respondents were 24 to 32 years old. Longitudinal survey data were collected on the social, economic, psychological, and health circumstances of respondents, as well as longitudinal geographic data. Survey questions were expanded on educational transitions, economic status and financial resources and strains, sleep patterns and sleep quality, eating habits and nutrition, illnesses and medications, physical activities, emotional content and quality of current or most recent romantic/cohabiting/marriage relationships, and maltreatment during childhood by caregivers. Dates and circumstances of key life events occurring in young adulthood were also recorded, including a complete marriage and cohabitation history, full pregnancy and fertility histories from both men and women, an educational history of dates of degrees and school attendance, contact with the criminal justice system, military service, and various employment events, including the date of first and current jobs, with respective information on occupation, industry, wages, hours, and benefits. Finally, physical measurements and biospecimens were also collected at Wave IV, and included anthropometric measures of weight, height and waist circumference, cardiovascular measures such as systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and pulse, metabolic measures from dried blood spots assayed for lipids, glucose, and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), measures of inflammation and immune function, including High sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV).

《青少年到成人健康全国纵向研究（Add Health）》1994-2008年[公共可用版]是一项纵向研究，针对1994-1995学年美国7至12年级青少年的全国代表性样本开展。Add Health队列通过四次家庭访谈追踪至青年期，最近一次访谈于2008年进行，此时样本年龄为24-32岁。该研究将受访者社会、经济、心理及身体健康状况的纵向调查数据，与家庭、邻里、社区、学校、友谊、同伴群体及恋爱关系的情境数据相结合。

Add Health第一波（Wave I）数据收集于1994年9月至1995年12月进行，包含校内问卷与家庭访谈两部分。校内问卷面向7至12年级的9万余名学生发放，收集了青少年受访者的社会人口学特征、父母教育与职业、家庭结构、未来期望、自尊水平、健康状况、风险行为、友谊及学年课外活动等信息。样本学校名册上的所有学生均有资格入选核心家庭访谈样本。家庭访谈涵盖健康状况、医疗设施使用、营养、同伴网络、决策过程、家庭构成与动态、教育抱负与期望、就业经历、恋爱与性伴侣关系、物质使用及犯罪活动等主题。第一波访谈中每位青少年受访者的一位家长（优先为常住母亲）也需完成由访谈员协助的问卷，内容包括遗传性健康状况、婚姻及类婚姻关系、邻里特征、志愿活动、公民活动与学校活动参与情况、影响健康的行为、教育与就业、家庭收入与经济援助、亲子沟通与互动、家长对青少年朋友及其父母的熟悉程度等。

Add Health第二波（Wave II）数据收集于1996年4月至8月重启，包含对第一波青少年的近1.5万次随访家庭访谈。访谈问题与第一波大致相似，但新增了日晒相关问题及更详细的营养问题。受访者需在访谈中报告自身身高体重，同时由访谈员进行实际测量。

2001年8月至2002年4月，第三波（Wave III）数据通过对15170名第一波受访者（此时年龄为18至26岁）的家庭访谈及对其伴侣的访谈收集。受访者需回答旨在获取家庭、关系、性经历、生育及教育史、劳动力参与、公民参与、宗教与精神信仰、心理健康、医疗保险、疾病、不良行为与暴力、赌博、物质滥用及与刑事司法系统的接触等信息的调查问题。第三波还收集了高中成绩单授权书，这些数据构成Add Health研究的教育数据部分。

第四波（Wave IV）家庭访谈于2008年至2009年进行，此时原第一波受访者年龄为24至32岁。收集了受访者社会、经济、心理及健康状况的纵向调查数据，以及纵向地理数据。调查问题在教育转型、经济状况与财务资源及压力、睡眠模式与质量、饮食习惯与营养、疾病与用药、身体活动、当前或最近恋爱/同居/婚姻关系的情感内容与质量、童年时期照料者虐待等方面有所扩展。还记录了青年期发生的关键生活事件的日期与情境，包括完整的婚姻与同居史、男女双方完整的怀孕与生育史、包含学位获得日期与就学情况的教育史、与刑事司法系统的接触、兵役经历及各类就业事件（含首份及当前工作的日期，以及相应的职业、行业、工资、工时与福利信息）。最后，第四波还收集了身体测量数据与生物样本，包括体重、身高及腰围的人体测量指标，收缩压、舒张压及脉搏等心血管指标，通过干血斑检测获取的脂质、葡萄糖及糖化血红蛋白（HbA1c）等代谢指标，以及高敏C反应蛋白（hsCRP）和Epstein-Barr病毒（EBV）等炎症与免疫功能指标。