Table_1_Effects of Intravenous Infusion With Sodium Butyrate on Colonic Microbiota, Intestinal Development- and Mucosal Immune-Related Gene Expression in Normal Growing Pigs.DOCX

This study aimed to investigate effects of intravenous infusion with sodium butyrate (SB) on colonic microbiota, intestinal mucosal immune and intestinal development in normal growing pigs. Twelve crossbred barrows (Duroc × Landrace × Large White) fitted with a medical polyethylene cannula via internal jugular vein were daily infused with 10 ml SB (200 mmol/l) or the same volume of physiological saline for 7 days. Results showed that SB infusion had no effects on the short-chain fatty acids concentrations and the number of total bacteria, but significantly increased the microbial richness estimators (ACE and Chao1), and the abundance of genera related to Clostridiales order in the colonic digesta (P < 0.05). SB infusion significantly up-regulated the mRNA expression of monocarboxylate transporter 1 (MCT1) in the colon, while no change was found in the ileum. Only the relative mRNA of pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-6 gene was decreased significantly in the ileum by SB infusion. On the contrary, in the colon, SB infusion significantly decreased the gene expression of histone deacetylase 1 (HDAC1) and pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6, IL-18, IL-12p40, and TNF-α (P < 0.05), but significantly increased the secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) concentration, the gene expression of anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10, and the expression of intestinal development-related gene zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1), occludin, and epidermal growth factor (EGF) (P < 0.05). The results suggest that systemic SB can modify colonic microbial composition, regulate the inflammatory cytokine- and intestinal development-related gene expression in pigs under the normal physiological condition. This study may provide an alternative strategy for improving the intestinal health of normal piglets.

本研究旨在探究静脉输注丁酸钠（sodium butyrate, SB）对正常生长猪结肠微生物群、肠黏膜免疫及肠道发育的影响。选取12头经颈内静脉植入医用聚乙烯插管的杂交阉公猪（杜洛克×长白×大白），每日分别输注10 mL丁酸钠溶液（200 mmol/L）或等体积生理盐水，持续7天。结果显示，静脉输注丁酸钠对短链脂肪酸浓度及总菌数无显著影响，但可显著提高结肠内容物的微生物丰富度估计值（ACE、Chao1）以及梭菌目（Clostridiales）相关菌属的丰度（P < 0.05）。丁酸钠输注可显著上调结肠中单羧酸转运蛋白1（monocarboxylate transporter 1, MCT1）的mRNA表达水平，而回肠组织未出现该变化。仅回肠中的促炎细胞因子IL-6基因的相对mRNA表达量被丁酸钠显著降低。与之相反，结肠组织中，丁酸钠输注可显著下调组蛋白去乙酰化酶1（histone deacetylase 1, HDAC1）及促炎细胞因子IL-6、IL-18、IL-12p40和TNF-α的基因表达（P < 0.05），但可显著提升分泌型免疫球蛋白A（secretory immunoglobulin A, sIgA）的浓度、抗炎细胞因子IL-10的基因表达，以及肠道发育相关基因紧密连接蛋白-1（zonula occludens-1, ZO-1）、闭合蛋白（occludin）和表皮生长因子（epidermal growth factor, EGF）的表达水平（P < 0.05）。研究结果表明，在正常生理状态下，全身性丁酸钠输注可改变猪的结肠微生物组成，调控炎症细胞因子及肠道发育相关基因的表达。本研究可为改善正常仔猪的肠道健康提供一种潜在替代策略。