Microglia pathogen phagocytosis pathway

Pathogens are recognized by complement C1q or immunoglobulin (IgG) that bind to microglia complement receptors (e.g., ITGAM/ITGB2) or Fc-receptors (e.g., FCGR1) that signal via the immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif (ITAM)-containing adaptor molecules TYROBP or FCER1G, respectively. Alternatively, pathogens are directly recognized by classical innate immune receptors (e.g., TREM2) that require the interaction with TYROBP for further signaling. This pathway was converted from the original human pathway to mouse.

病原体可通过补体C1q或免疫球蛋白（IgG）识别，这些分子与微胶质细胞补体受体（例如，ITGAM/ITGB2）或Fc受体（例如，FCGR1）结合，并通过含有免疫受体酪氨酸激活性基序（ITAM）的适配分子TYROBP或FCER1G分别传递信号。此外，病原体也可被经典先天免疫受体（例如，TREM2）直接识别，这些受体在进一步信号传导过程中需要与TYROBP相互作用。该通路已从原始人类通路转换为小鼠模型。