Single cell genomics of Prochlorococcus, Synechococcus, Pelagibacter, and additional co-occurring microorganisms. Single cells of cyanobacteria and sympatric microorganisms

The marine cyanobacteria, Prochlorococcus and Synechococcus, perform a significant fraction of ocean carbon fixation and interact with a diverse microbial community. Comparative genomics of cultivated isolates has helped address questions regarding patterns of evolution and diversity among microbes, but the fraction that can be cultivated is miniscule compared to the diversity in the wild. To further probe the functional diversity of these groups and extend the utility of reference sequence databases, we report a data set of single cell genomes for 489 Prochlorococcus, 50 Synechococcus, 190 co-occurring microorganisms, and 9 virus particles. Many of these uncultivated single cell genomes are derived from samples obtained on HOT, BATS, and GEOTRACES cruises and thus benefit from an extensive suite of chemical and physical data.

海洋蓝细菌（marine cyanobacteria）中的原绿球藻属（Prochlorococcus）与聚球藻属（Synechococcus）贡献了海洋中相当比例的碳固定过程，并与多样的微生物群落存在相互作用。针对已培养分离株的比较基因组学研究，曾为解答微生物演化与多样性模式相关问题提供了助力，但相较于野外环境中的微生物多样性，可培养的微生物占比微乎其微。为进一步探究这两类菌的功能多样性，并拓展参考序列数据库的应用价值，本研究报道了一套单细胞基因组数据集，包含489个原绿球藻、50个聚球藻、190个同期共存微生物以及9个病毒颗粒的单细胞基因组。其中多数未培养单细胞基因组均来自HOT、BATS及GEOTRACES科考航次获取的样本，因此可配套获取全套详尽的化学与物理观测数据。