Intrinsic Limits on Quantum Coherence: Characteristic Velocity, Frequency, and Geometric Thresholds.

Quantum coherence, the hallmark of quantum superposition and interference, is not only limited by environmental decoherence but also by intrinsic quantum properties and spacetime geometry. In this work, we rigorously derive characteristic velocity scales and critical frequencies that define the persistence of coherence, based on the Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle and wave packet dynamics. We further extend the framework to include potential influences of spacetime curvature, introducing a geometric length scale relevant to coherence persistence. This unified approach offers quantitative thresholds for coherence in ultracold atoms, neutron interferometry, nanomechanical resonators, and extreme astrophysical environments. Our results provide insights into the interplay between quantum mechanics, spatial confinement, and geometry, offering guidance for experimental design and quantum technology development.

量子相干性作为量子叠加与干涉的标志，不仅受环境退相干限制，还受本征量子特性及时空几何的影响。本研究基于海森堡不确定性原理（Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle）与波包动力学，严格推导了决定相干性持续存在的特征速度尺度与临界频率。我们进一步拓展该框架，将时空曲率的潜在影响纳入其中，并引入了与相干性持续相关的几何长度尺度。这种统一方法为超冷原子、中子干涉测量、纳米机械谐振器及极端天体物理环境中的相干性提供了定量阈值。研究结果揭示了量子力学、空间约束与几何之间的相互作用，为实验设计与量子技术发展提供了指导。