KK1-1798 - Nang Bya maumwi (Three stories of Nang Bya) with English translation and notes

Translation (Rita Seng Mai) This is about Nangbya. He could lie to everyone. He was very good at lying. One day, he saw about 500 ducks in the lake while he was walking near it. Then, he sat beside it and thought about how to lie to others. At that time, a trader walked past the river and saw Nangbya. He asked Nangbya, "What are you doing there?" Nangbya answered, "I am looking after these ducks." Then, the trader said, "That much!? Can you sell those ducks to me?" Nangbya said, "Why should I? I won't." The trader insisted on saying, "Please, sell them to me." So, Nangbya sold the ducks to him. He said, "Give me some money." The trader gave him the money which he asked for. But the ducks were not Nangbya's ducks. He was just lying to the trader. Nangbya asked the trader, "When will you take all these ducks?" "At dusk," said the trader. Then, Nangbya said, "When you take the ducks, drop a banana trunk into the lake." The trader believed him and did as he advised. When he threw the banana trunk into the lake, all the ducks ran away. The trader got mad at Nangbya and chased him. Next time, Nangbya thought of an idea how to con money from others. Then, he went to a funeral where people were playing cards by taking some chicken feathers. While they were sleeping at night, Nangbya put some chicken feathers in the mouth of the corpse. The next morning, Nangbya said to the owners of the funeral house, "Your corpse ate my chicken! You need to pay back." He conned people and got some money from them. Another story is about Nangbya and a tiger. They were friends. One day, Nangbya said, "My friend tiger, the rainy season will come soon. I think we should build a house to stay in, so that we won't get wet when it's raining heavily." But Nangbya shirked from doing his work. He didn't build his house well. He didn't fence and didn't build the walls too. Meanwhile, the tiger built his house nicely. The tiger asked him, "Have you finished building it?" Nangbya's house was like an opened hall. There was no wall or roof. Then, the tiger said, "Oh! Your house has no wall and roof." "It's good. We can look at the stars at night. In the daytime, we can see if thieves or strangers come to this house. So, I didn't build them on purpose." Then, the tiger fell for Nangbya's lie and said, "Let's change our houses." Nangbya pretended like he didn't want to change and said, "No, I don't want to." But the tiger insisted on changing the houses. In the end, they changed their houses. After two or three months, the rainy season had come. Then, the tiger got wet whenever it was raining. He was cold. Then, he went to Nangbya. But Nangbya drove him out. The tiger got furious and thought, "I will kill him." He chased Nangbya to kill him. Nangbya ran into the forest where there grew short trees. He knew that there were many beehives on the trees. The beehives were only three or four feet above the ground. Then, Nangbya sat on the tree and was waiting for the time when the tiger would come. When the tiger arrived there, he got confused and asked, "Why are you sitting on the tree?" Nangbya said, "I am guarding an ancient gong which shouldn't be played." The tiger didn't believe him and said, "No, I will hit it." Nangbya said, "Don't hit it. You can't." But the tiger insisted on hitting the beehives, which he thought as the gongs. Then, Nangbya said, "Okay, if you really want to play it. I will go to another hill first before you play it. I will give you the signal when would be the perfect time to play it. When you hear me shouting 'Ohhhh', hit the gong." Nangbya went to another hill that was far away from the beehives. And he shouted 'Ohhhh'. At that time, the tiger hit the beehive with all of his strength. Many bees were coming out and stung him. The tiger was mad at Nangbya and chased him to kill. That's all for now. Let's continue the story next time. Transcription (Lu Awng) Ndai nangbya na lam re nga ai. Nangbya ngu gaw masu chyu masu, grai masu ai nangbya shi gaw gara hku i nga yang she masu ai maga de gaw bawnu hta gaw kanoi (htaketi) ram nga ai shi gaw nambat 1 ram nga ai. Re yang she shi gaw gara hku re i nga yang she kalang mi gaw shi, shi hkawm ai kaw she ndai hkanawng langai mi kaw she hkaibyek 5, 600 ram dai hku (anesong) gaw dai ram re na nga, 5, 600 yawm htum dai ni gaw hkaibyek gaw dai kaw chyai taw ai da. Nga taw yang she shi gaw ndai masu sa na nga na nyan na she dai lam nga ai makau kaw dung taw nga ai. Dung taw nga re yang she la langai mi lai ai, hkan 2 gaw dai prat hta e lam hkawm ai re nga, ndai ya na nga dut mari ai ( ayaung awoi) ai dut mari ai masha ni re na nga. Deng she shi gaw e hpa galaw taw nga law nga tsun, nangbya nang hpa baw galaw ai nga, ngai dai hkaipyek ni rem ai re nga tsun yang she, aga dai ram law ai gaw, nang dai ram law ai gaw nga, moi na hkaipyek ni gaw tsawm ma tsawm ai gaw, ya na oh ra (anyo yaung, shaw yaung) zawn zawn hpraw ai zawn zawn re nam kaw na hkaipyek ni gaw 80 tar 50 tar akaung ni re gaw, re yang she 2, 3, 4, 500 re yang she nre law na na hkaipyek ni ngai hpe dut ya u law, kanang mai na i ngu da. (zaykai) masu le i, kanang mai na law. Nre law dut ya u law ngu. Mai ai dai hte jaw rit, dabaw gaw moi prat na ngu gaw 1kyat mung grai dan ai gaw. Re yang gaw 5pyar nga yang mung labu langai, palawng langai lu ai bai re yang gaw. Re yang she dut ya rit nga na gumhpraw la da na she, re yang gaw dai na galoi gawt la na ma, e ya hkring shi hkrum ai shani ka-ang nga yang gaw dai na de hkying 4, 5 nga yang gaw naryi langai mi gaw jan loi mi (saung) jang n gyeng jang (kantmanchya) gaw ndai prat na hku nga, hkying 4, 5 re na nga, re yang gaw nang ndai oh ra langu hpyi le i langu hpyi hpe dai kaw apung dat u ngu da. Oh ra nangbya gaw jale(luulel) bai re yang she hkying 4, 5 hta langu hpe a pung dat ai kaw yawng swi re mat ai da. Re yang gaw ndai wa hpe sat na ndai wa hpe gaw rim ra ai ngu na bai shachyut da. Bai shachyut re yang mung re shi gaw aw ya ndai gaw (takan) ndai kaw bai gara hku re i nga she ndai gaw gumhpraw bai (hpan)ra sai ngu she, gumhpraw (hpan) yang gara hku (hpan) ai i nga yang she, shi gaw ndai kaw si poi langai kaw bai du mat ai da. Si poi langai kaw du mat re yang she shi dai kaw dung yang she masha ni grai (ung) taw ai da law, grai nga taw yang she oh ra jahpawt n htoi htoi yang she shi gaw u langai gun ai hku nga. U langai gun yang she har ngai na u mat sai ( nanhte ) u yaw ngu na she shana she oh ra masha ni yup nga nga ai shaloi she dai masha si ai na n gup kaw she dai u mun ni pun na bang da ya ai da. Dai nan na masha si dai ngai na u sha kau ya sai lawan (yaw) ngu da. Dai u bai (yaw) shangun ai da. Dai gaw nangbya shi masu ai lam, re di she langai mi gaw (dakan) gaw gara hku re i nga she, langai mi gaw ndai shi gaw hpa baw re i nga yang she. Maumwi re majaw gaw oh ra moi nangbya e sharaw gaw (let grai toi) ai hku nga. Grai toi re yang she shi gaw nangbya gaw saw she saw re yang she gai sharaw e ya gaw kade nna yang marang grai htu na mawsai, oh ra lamu wa hkrat na maw sai, dai re majaw nang rau ngai gaw ndai marang n hkra na matu shara galaw ga, nta gap ga ngu dai hku tsun. Nta gap ga tsun di she dai kaw she nangbya gaw (achaungko) na hku nga. Achungko re yang she sharaw gaw kam hkrai kam, kam hkrai kam, re yang she nangbya gaw dai amu ma atsawm n galaw da, (kar) ma atsawm ngalaw da yang she atsawm n kum da yang she e shakum ma atsawm n kum da yang she hpang e gaw arai sharaw gaw nangbya nang gaw gara hku re law. Shangu mung n galup woi nta kaw dai hku shadaw kaw nign re ndai hku 4, 5 ram rawng ai ding re galup mung n galup ai ngu, a ndai gaw shana re yang gaw shagan hti chyai ai baw re. Shani re yang gaw n kum jang gaw lagut sa n sa mu lu ai, dai re majaw gaw ngai n kum ai ngu da, re sharaw gaw tsun ai n re law nangbya dai hku nga galai ga le ngu hku re nga, a kanang mai na i ngu, gai law galai ga law, e le nang dai ram galai ga nga yang gaw galai ga ngu da, galai ga nga yang she hpang e kade nna yang gaw du hkra ladaw galai shai wa yang she shata mi shata 2 nga marang hkrat wa yang she sharaw gaw marang hkra na kashung sai le. Kashung na nangbya kaw sa wa yang she nangbya bai gawt kau ai da. Gawt kau yang she ndai masu hpe gaw ya gaw ngai gaw sat na nga hku re nga. Sat na nga na she shachyut yang she nangbya wa bai kalang oh ndai nam hkan gaw hpun nem nem re na n gyeng n gyeng re hkan gaw lagat grai nga gaw. Zagat tsip dai gaw tsaw de gaw (pay) 4 ram sha re. Pay3, pay 4 ram sha re, dai she dai kaw sharaw gaw sat na nga na shachyut yang she nangbya dai kaw dung taw. Hpa baw galaw taw nga ngu yang, dai gaw moi prat na ndai nmai dum ai bau ngai sin taw nga ai ngu da. Nre law ngai dum na law ngu da, ngai dum na law ngu, nre law , n mai dum ai she nga yang mi, nre ngai dum na law grai dum mayu law ngu da, nang dai ram dum mayu yang ngai hto bum 3, 4 ,5 bum 9 ram du ai kaw ngai marawn dat na, ngai oh,, nga marawn dat yang nang dum hpang u ngu, shi oh kaw na woh,, nga marawn dum dat ai wa she lagat ni yawng sharaw hpe gawa da, sharaw hpe gawa na sharaw bai sha na ngu na shachyut mat wa ai da. E law law sel gaw ndai hte kaw jahtum, hpang e bai matut na re. Notes: 1. Nang Bya is a popular trickster in Kachin folktales, who are a person or an animal that always lies and teases others. It is known by the names of Nang Bya, Mang Bya, Mawng Byaw, and others depending on dialects and languages. 2. For more stories about Nang Bya, see: KK1-0027 KK1-0028 KK1-0072 KK1-0233 KK1-0234 KK1-0296 KK1-0297 KK1-0326 KK1-0339 KK1-0364 KK1-0475 KK1-0549 KK1-0640 KK1-0709 KK1-0735 KK1-0973 KK1-1209 KK1-1210 KK1-1286 KK1-1379 KK1-1462 KK1-1711 KK1-1785 KK1-1786 KK1-1788 KK1-1789 KK1-1790 KK1-1791 KK1-1792 KK1-1793 KK1-1794 KK1-1795 KK1-1798 KK1-1855 3. See Kurabe (2018) for a story of Mang Bya. References Kurabe, Keita. 2018. A Jinghpaw folktale text: A liar Mang Bya. Journal of Kijutsuken 10: 69-80.. Language as given: Jinghpaw

翻译（Rita Seng Mai 译）
这是关于南比亚（Nangbya）的故事。他擅长欺骗所有人，撒谎技巧炉火纯青。一日，他在湖边漫步时，见湖中约有五百只鸭子，便坐在岸边思索如何借此撒谎行骗。恰在此时，一位商人路过河边，瞧见南比亚，问道：“你在那儿做什么？”南比亚答：“我在照看这些鸭子。”商人惊呼：“这么多！？你能把它们卖给我吗？”南比亚回道：“为何要卖？我不卖。”商人执意恳求：“拜托，卖给我吧。”南比亚最终应允，说道：“给我些钱。”商人依其要求付了钱——然而这些鸭子根本不是南比亚的，他不过是在欺骗商人。南比亚又问商人：“你何时来取所有鸭子？”商人答：“黄昏时分。”南比亚遂道：“取鸭时，往湖里扔一根香蕉树干。”商人信以为真，照做不误。当他将香蕉树干抛入湖中，所有鸭子四散逃开。商人怒不可遏，追着南比亚要算账。

不久后，南比亚又生一计，欲骗取他人钱财。他来到一场葬礼，见人们正用鸡毛打牌。夜间众人入睡后，南比亚将一些鸡毛放入尸体口中。次日清晨，他对葬礼的主人说：“你们的尸体吃了我的鸡！你们得赔偿。”他就这样骗到了钱。

另一个故事是关于南比亚与老虎的。他们是朋友。一日，南比亚说：“我的老虎朋友，雨季将至，我们该建座房子避雨，以免大雨淋湿。”然而南比亚却逃避劳作，房子建得粗制滥造——既未筑墙，也未搭栅栏。反观老虎，它的房子却建得十分坚固。老虎问南比亚：“你完工了吗？”南比亚的房子如同露天大厅，无墙无顶。老虎道：“哦！你的房子既无墙也无顶。”南比亚狡辩：“这样很好。夜晚我们能仰望星空，白天能及时发现盗贼或陌生人靠近。我故意不建墙和顶的。”老虎竟信了他的谎言，说：“我们换房子住吧。”南比亚假意推辞：“不，我不想换。”但老虎执意要换，最终二人互换了居所。

两三个月后，雨季来临。每逢下雨，老虎便被淋得浑身湿透，冷得发抖。它去找南比亚，却被南比亚赶了出来。老虎怒不可遏，心想：“我要杀了他。”遂追着南比亚欲下杀手。南比亚逃进一片矮树丛生的森林，知晓树上有许多蜂窝，且蜂窝仅距地面三四英尺高。他爬上树，静待老虎到来。老虎赶到后，困惑地问：“你为何坐在树上？”南比亚答：“我在守护一面古老的锣，这锣不可随意敲击。”老虎不信，说：“我偏要敲。”南比亚假意阻拦：“别敲，你不能敲。”老虎仍执意要敲那被它当作锣的蜂窝。南比亚便说：“好吧，若你非要敲，我先去远处的山岗，待我发出信号时再敲——听到我喊‘哦嗬嗬’，你就敲锣。”南比亚去了远离蜂窝的另一座山岗，大喊“哦嗬嗬”。老虎闻言，用尽全力敲击蜂窝。无数蜜蜂涌出，蛰得老虎疼痛难忍。老虎对南比亚恨之入骨，再次追着他要杀他。

故事暂且讲到这里，下次再续。

转录（Lu Awng 录）
Ndai nangbya na lam re nga ai. Nangbya ngu gaw masu chyu masu, grai masu ai nangbya shi gaw gara hku i nga yang she masu ai maga de gaw bawnu hta gaw kanoi (htaketi) ram nga ai shi gaw nambat 1 ram nga ai. Re yang she shi gaw gara hku re i nga yang she kalang mi gaw shi, shi hkawm ai kaw she ndai hkanawng langai mi kaw she hkaibyek 5, 600 ram dai hku (anesong) gaw dai ram re na nga, 5, 600 yawm htum dai ni gaw hkaibyek gaw dai kaw chyai taw ai da. Nga taw yang she shi gaw ndai masu sa na nga na nyan na she dai lam nga ai makau kaw dung taw nga ai. Dung taw nga re yang she la langai mi lai ai, hkan 2 gaw dai prat hta e lam hkawm ai re nga, ndai ya na nga dut mari ai ( ayaung awoi) ai dut mari ai masha ni re na nga. Deng she shi gaw e hpa galaw taw nga law nga tsun, nangbya nang hpa baw galaw ai nga, ngai dai hkaipyek ni rem ai re nga tsun yang she, aga dai ram law ai gaw, nang dai ram law ai gaw nga, moi na hkaipyek ni gaw tsawm ma tsawm ai gaw, ya na oh ra (anyo yaung, shaw yaung) zawn zawn hpraw ai zawn zawn re nam kaw na hkaipyek ni gaw 80 tar 50 tar akaung ni re gaw, re yang she 2, 3, 4, 500 re yang she nre law na na hkaipyek ni ngai hpe dut ya u law, kanang mai na i ngu da. (zaykai) masu le i, kanang mai na law. Nre law dut ya u law ngu. Mai ai dai hte jaw rit, dabaw gaw moi prat na ngu gaw 1kyat mung grai dan ai gaw. Re yang gaw 5pyar nga yang mung labu langai, palawng langai lu ai bai re yang gaw. Re yang she dut ya rit nga na gumhpraw la da na she, re yang gaw dai na galoi gawt la na ma, e ya hkring shi hkrum ai shani ka-ang nga yang gaw dai na de hkying 4, 5 nga yang gaw naryi langai mi gaw jan loi mi (saung) jang n gyeng jang (kantmanchya) gaw ndai prat na hku nga, hkying 4, 5 re na nga, re yang gaw nang ndai oh ra langu hpyi le i langu hpyi hpe dai kaw apung dat u ngu da. Oh ra nangbya gaw jale(luulel) bai re yang she hkying 4, 5 hta langu hpe a pung dat ai kaw yawng swi re mat ai da. Re yang gaw ndai wa hpe sat na ndai wa hpe gaw rim ra ai ngu na bai shachyut da. Bai shachyut re yang mung re shi gaw aw ya ndai gaw (takan) ndai kaw bai gara hku re i nga she ndai gaw gumhpraw bai (hpan)ra sai ngu she, gumhpraw (hpan) yang gara hku (hpan) ai i nga yang she, shi gaw ndai kaw si poi langai kaw bai du mat ai da. Si poi langai kaw du mat re yang she shi dai kaw dung yang she masha ni grai (ung) taw ai da law, grai nga taw yang she oh ra jahpawt n htoi htoi yang she shi gaw u langai gun ai hku nga. U langai gun yang she har ngai na u mat sai ( nanhte ) u yaw ngu na she shana she oh ra masha ni yup nga nga ai shaloi she dai masha si ai na n gup kaw she dai u mun ni pun na bang da ya ai da. Dai nan na masha si dai ngai na u sha kau ya sai lawan (yaw) ngu da. Dai u bai (yaw) shangun ai da. Dai gaw nangbya shi masu ai lam, re di she langai mi gaw (dakan) gaw gara hku re i nga she, langai mi gaw ndai shi gaw hpa baw re i nga yang she. Maumwi re majaw gaw oh ra moi nangbya e sharaw gaw (let grai toi) ai hku nga. Grai toi re yang she shi gaw nangbya gaw saw she saw re yang she gai sharaw e ya gaw kade nna yang marang grai htu na mawsai, oh ra lamu wa hkrat na maw sai, dai re majaw nang rau ngai gaw ndai marang n hkra na matu shara galaw ga, nta gap ga ngu dai hku tsun. Nta gap ga tsun di she dai kaw she nangbya gaw (achaungko) na hku nga. Achungko re yang she sharaw gaw kam hkrai kam, kam hkrai kam, re yang she nangbya gaw dai amu ma atsawm n galaw da, (kar) ma atsawm ngalaw da yang she atsawm n kum da yang she e shakum ma atsawm n kum da yang she hpang e gaw arai sharaw gaw nangbya nang gaw gara hku re law. Shangu mung n galup woi nta kaw dai hku shadaw kaw nign re ndai hku 4, 5 ram rawng ai ding re galup mung n galup ai ngu, a ndai gaw shana re yang gaw shagan hti chyai ai baw re. Shani re yang gaw n kum jang gaw lagut sa n sa mu lu ai, dai re majaw gaw ngai n kum ai ngu da, re sharaw gaw tsun ai n re law nangbya dai hku nga galai ga le ngu hku re nga, a kanang mai na i ngu, gai law galai ga law, e le nang dai ram galai ga nga yang gaw galai ga ngu da, galai ga nga yang she hpang e kade nna yang gaw du hkra ladaw galai shai wa yang she shata mi shata 2 nga marang hkrat wa yang she sharaw gaw marang hkra na kashung sai le. Kashung na nangbya kaw sa wa yang she nangbya bai gawt kau ai da. Gawt kau yang she ndai masu hpe gaw ya gaw ngai gaw sat na nga hku re nga. Sat na nga na she shachyut yang she nangbya wa bai kalang oh ndai nam hkan gaw hpun nem nem re na n gyeng n gyeng re hkan gaw lagat grai nga gaw. Zagat tsip dai gaw tsaw de gaw (pay) 4 ram sha re. Pay3, pay 4 ram sha re, dai she dai kaw sharaw gaw sat na nga na shachyut yang she nangbya dai kaw dung taw. Hpa baw galaw taw nga ngu yang, dai gaw moi prat na ndai nmai dum ai bau ngai sin taw nga ai ngu da. Nre law ngai dum na law ngu da, ngai dum na law ngu, nre law , n mai dum ai she nga yang mi, nre ngai dum na law grai dum mayu law ngu da, nang dai ram dum mayu yang ngai hto bum 3, 4 ,5 bum 9 ram du ai kaw ngai marawn dat na, ngai oh,, nga marawn dat yang nang dum hpang u ngu, shi oh kaw na woh,, nga marawn dum dat ai wa she lagat ni yawng sharaw hpe gawa da, sharaw hpe gawa na sharaw bai sha na ngu na shachyut mat wa ai da. E law law sel gaw ndai hte kaw jahtum, hpang e bai matut na re.

注释
1. 南比亚（Nang Bya）是景颇语（Jinghpaw）民间故事中著名的骗子角色（trickster），这类角色以撒谎和捉弄他人为核心特征。其名称因方言与语言差异而有所变体，如Nang Bya、Mang Bya、Mawng Byaw等。
2. 更多关于南比亚的故事，可参考以下编号文献：KK1-0027、KK1-0028、KK1-0072、KK1-0233、KK1-0234、KK1-0296、KK1-0297、KK1-0326、KK1-0339、KK1-0364、KK1-0475、KK1-0549、KK1-0640、KK1-0709、KK1-0735、KK1-0973、KK1-1209、KK1-1210、KK1-1286、KK1-1379、KK1-1462、KK1-1711、KK1-1785、KK1-1786、KK1-1788、KK1-1789、KK1-1790、KK1-1791、KK1-1792、KK1-1793、KK1-1794、KK1-1795、KK1-1798、KK1-1855。
3. 关于Mang Bya的故事，可参见Kurabe（2018）的研究。

参考文献
Kurabe, Keita. 2018. 《景颇民间故事文本：骗子Mang Bya》。《Kijutsuken期刊》第10期：69-80页。

原文语言：景颇语（Jinghpaw）