Where do Gyps fulvus (Griffon Vultures) feed? Combining biologging with socio-economic analysis can guide sustainable ecotourism development

Ecotourism supports Old World vulture conservation and raises public awareness of their ecological role. Traditional vulture-watching activities are often based at hides near supplementary feeding stations, where vultures predictably gather. However, identifying optimal locations for sustainable vulture-watching ecotourism beyond these sites is challenging considering that vultures travel extensive distances to locate carrion.  We analyzed movement data from six Gyps fulvus (Griffon Vultures) in northwest Sardinia, Italy, to identify areas where they usually feed and where economically viable birdwatching activities could be implemented. G. fulvus were equipped with GPS tags and tri-axial accelerometer sensors. Using a random forest algorithm, we identified feeding events from the acceleration data and fitted a Poisson process model to predict feeding event density across the study area. Additionally, we conducted structured questionnaires with 116 visitors to protected area (Augus..., , # Where do Gyps fulvus (Griffon Vultures) feed? Combining biologging with socio-economic analysis can guide sustainable ecotourism development

Dataset DOI: [10.5061/dryad.612jm64h4](10.5061/dryad.612jm64h4)

## Description of the data and file structure

The following zipped folder contains the data and software code, to replicate the analyses for the study entitled \"Where do *Gyps fulvus* (Griffon Vultures) feed? Combining biologging with socio-economic analysis can guide sustainable ecotourism development\"

The script (\"Script.R\") replicates the analyses in R. Namely, the script runs a Poisson Process Model (PPM) in spatstat ([https://spatstat.org/](https://spatstat.org/)), to estimate the density of feeding events according to relevant environmental covariates. Analyses were carried out in R version 4.4.3 (2025-02-28) -- \"Trophy Case\"

This contains all the main datasets required for fitting the Poisson Process Model. Namely

\"Sardinia_EPSG32632.shp\", \"Sardinia_EPSG32632.cpg\", \"Sard...,

生态旅游有助于旧大陆兀鹫的保护，并提高公众对其生态作用的认识。传统的兀鹫观赏活动通常在补充饲养站附近的隐蔽处进行，兀鹫会在此可预测地聚集。然而，考虑到兀鹫会长途跋涉寻找腐肉，在这些地点之外确定可持续兀鹫观赏生态旅游的最佳位置颇具挑战。我们分析了意大利撒丁岛西北部6只高山兀鹫（学名：Gyps fulvus，英文名：Griffon Vultures）的移动数据，以确定它们通常觅食的区域以及可开展经济可行观鸟活动的区域。高山兀鹫配备了GPS标签和三轴加速度传感器。我们使用随机森林算法从加速度数据中识别觅食事件，并拟合泊松过程模型以预测研究区域内的觅食事件密度。此外，我们对保护区的116名游客进行了结构化问卷调查（原文此处内容省略）。

数据集DOI：[10.5061/dryad.612jm64h4]

数据与文件结构描述：
以下压缩文件夹包含数据和软件代码，用于复现题为《高山兀鹫在哪里觅食？结合生物追踪与社会经济分析指导可持续生态旅游发展》的研究中的分析。
脚本（"Script.R"）在R语言中复现了这些分析。具体而言，该脚本使用spatstat包（[https://spatstat.org/]）运行泊松过程模型（PPM），根据相关环境协变量估计觅食事件的密度。分析在R版本4.4.3（2025-02-28，版本名"Trophy Case"）中进行。
此文件夹包含拟合泊松过程模型所需的所有主要数据集，即“Sardinia_EPSG32632.shp”、“Sardinia_EPSG32632.cpg”、“Sard...”