Experience of workplace stressors among military nurses

Aim: To explore and provide factual information on how non-deployed military nurses (registered, enrolled, and auxiliary) at designated military hospitals experience workplace stressors.Methods: The study followed a qualitative descriptive design to explore and describe how non-deployed military nurses (registered, enrolled, or auxiliary) at a designated military hospital in South Africa experience workplace stressors and provide truthful descriptions thereof. This study was conducted at one of the three Military hospitals in South Africa. A purposeful sampling method was used. A pilot study of one participant was conducted to test and strengthen the quality of the research interview instrument. Following supervisor feedback, data were collected through semi-structured individual interviews with 18 participants over a period of three weeks. Inclusion criteria: The participants had to be non-deployed military nurses of any category (registered, enrolled or auxiliary), they should have worked at the designated Military Hospital for at least one year or longer and had some military training, including the 2-week induction course, should be military nurses who have not been on deployment, detached duty or full-time study leave for at least one year. Exclusion criteria: Military nursing students and all other health care professionals. The sample size was determined by two criteria: saturation and sufficiency, and the sample consisted of registered, enrolled, and auxiliary military nurses. Saturation was achieved with participant 16, and two additional interviews were conducted; however, no new data were identified as the existing data were replicated. The researcher used literature and the JD-R model’s concepts to develop the semi-structured interview guide. Demographic information regarding participants' age, nursing category, and years of experience in the military nursing field was collected to assist the researcher in identifying characteristics, trends, and patterns within the population and to describe the sample. Data was collected through semi-structured interviews, and transcribed data were analysed using Tesch's data analysis steps. Participants’ information was coded with a unique study code to de-identify their data, not linking processed data to their names.Significance of the data: This data is significant because it might address the knowledge gap of workplace stressors that non-deployed military nurses ’experience, and it could encourage future research in the South African Military Health Service. Informative programmes, based on the data collected, could be developed. This study could contribute to the organisational decision-making processes to prevent or reduce workplace stressors and improve working conditions and patient care.

研究目的：旨在探究并呈现南非指定军队医院内非部署状态的各类军队护士（注册护士、登记护士、辅助护士）所经历的工作压力源相关事实信息。

研究方法：本研究采用质性描述性研究设计，以探究并描述南非某指定军队医院内非部署状态的各类军队护士（注册护士、登记护士或辅助护士）的工作压力源体验，并对此进行如实描述。本研究选取南非三家军队医院中的一家开展。研究采用目的性抽样法，先开展1名参与者的预试验，以检验并优化研究访谈工具的质量。在征得导师反馈意见后，研究人员于三周内通过半结构化个人访谈完成了18名参与者的数据收集。

纳入标准：参与者需为任意类别的非部署军队护士（注册护士、登记护士或辅助护士），须在该指定军队医院工作至少1年及以上，且接受过包括2周入职培训在内的军事训练，同时需为近1年未执行部署任务、未承担外派勤务或全日制学习休假的军队护士。

排除标准：军队护理专业学生及其他所有医疗卫生专业人员。

样本量由饱和性与充足性两项标准确定，最终样本涵盖注册、登记及辅助三类军队护士。研究在第16名参与者处达到数据饱和，后续又追加了2次访谈，但未发现新的数据内容，仅重复了已有数据。研究人员结合文献与工作要求-资源模型（Job Demands-Resources Model, JD-R Model）的概念，编制了半结构化访谈提纲。研究收集了参与者的年龄、护理类别、军队护理从业年限等人口学信息，以辅助研究人员识别研究人群的特征、趋势与模式，并对样本进行描述。数据通过半结构化访谈收集，转录后的数据采用特施（Tesch）数据分析步骤进行分析。参与者信息采用唯一研究代码进行编码，以实现数据去标识化，避免处理后的数据与参与者姓名产生关联。

数据意义：本数据集具有重要学术价值，因其可填补非部署军队护士所经历的工作压力源相关的知识空白，并可为南非军队卫生服务领域的后续研究提供参考。基于本次收集的数据，可开发针对性的干预与科普项目。本研究可为组织决策流程提供参考，以预防或缓解工作压力源、改善工作条件与患者护理质量。