Dataset of Zhongshan Station GPS tracking station system from 2003 to 2004

Zhongshan Station perennial satellite positioning tracking station is China's domestic satellite tracking network to the southern tip of the expansion of the Earth, both of China's satellite orbit determination or research, are very important to add, at the same time, China's participation in the window of the Antarctic cooperation. Antarctic geodesy research is based on the framework of the structure of SCAR (ICSU Antarctic Scientific Research Committee) was organized and implemented an international large-scale scientific research cooperation projects.

The project began in 1992, conducted on an annual basis for 22 days the entire Antarctic GPS measurement battle together, our two stations since 1994 to participate. Its aims:
(1) Measurement of the Antarctic plate quickly with the adjacent panels, as well as micro-plate faster faster the relative motion between the rate and direction of movement;
(2) to identify the various internal Antarctic plate crust block the relative motion between;
(3) reunification of the Antarctic, the vertical system of benchmarks to determine the Antarctic tide gauge stations of the elevation above sea level;
(4) as a result of melting ice sheets and marine load caused by the change of the Antarctic lithosphere, such as vertical movement, "the interaction of global and Antarctic" respect scientific research.

In late 1998 of China's Zhongshan Station in the Battle of the SCAR GPS observatories built a perennial GPS satellite tracking station, the purpose of obtaining long-term follow-up site, a large number of, the original GPS system observational data through scientific calculation and comparison, access to GPS tracking site position in space with time resulting trajectory for the Antarctic region, geodynamics, geophysical structure and study the Earth's shape to provide information and data; and the Antarctic region precision positioning control points to provide quality date and reliable data. At the same time, the station of observational data on the analysis of satellite tracking technology to improve the accuracy of China's satellite orbit determination are useful.

中国南极中山站常年卫星定位跟踪站，是中国国内卫星跟踪网络向地球南端的延伸节点，不仅可为我国卫星轨道确定与相关研究提供重要补充支撑，同时也是中国参与南极国际合作的重要窗口。南极大地测量研究依托国际科学联合会理事会南极科学研究委员会（Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research，简称SCAR）的架构，组织实施了一项大型国际科学合作研究计划。

该项目始于1992年，每年开展一次为期22天的全南极全球定位系统（Global Positioning System，简称GPS）联合测量会战，我国自1994年起便参与其中。其研究目标如下：
1. 快速测定南极板块与相邻板块、微型板块之间的相对运动速率与运动方向；
2. 明确南极板块内部各地壳块体之间的相对运动关系；
3. 统一南极地区垂直基准体系，测定南极验潮站的海拔高程；
4. 围绕冰盖消融与海洋负载引发的南极岩石圈垂直运动等现象，开展“全球与南极相互作用”领域的科学研究。

1998年末，我国依托SCAR GPS观测会战的平台，在中山站建成了常年运行的GPS卫星跟踪站。其建设目的在于获取长期连续的高质量GPS观测数据，通过科学计算与比对分析，得到该跟踪站的空间位置随时间变化的轨迹，为南极地区地球动力学、地球物理结构以及地球形状研究提供基础数据与信息支撑；同时为南极地区精密定位控制点提供优质可靠的观测数据。与此同时，该站的观测数据分析结果，对提升我国卫星轨道确定精度具有重要应用价值。