Results of cardiovascular function analysisb'*'.

BackgroundWomen developing preeclampsia (PE) or fetal growth restriction (FGR) during pregnancy are at higher risk for cardiovascular diseases (CVD) later in life. We aimed to analyse cardiovascular health of women 10–20 years after affected pregnancies in comparison to women after uneventful pregnancies. In addition, we assessed a potential long-term effect of the NO-donor pentaerythrityl tetranitrate (PETN).MethodsWomen 10–20 years after severe PE, including women receiving PETN during pregnancy and matched controls were recruited and assessed for baseline clinical data and cardiovascular function by transthoracic echocardiography, VICORDER and USCOM. SPSS was used for statistical analysis.Results53 participants after PE/FGR (13 with former PETN intake) and 51 controls were recruited for follow-up at an average of 14 years after index pregnancies. Compared to controls, women after PE/FGR had a significantly higher incidence of arterial hypertension (13.7% vs. 41.5%, pConclusionsIn conclusion, our study results confirm that the risk of CVD is increased in women after PE/FGR compared to women after uneventful pregnancies. Contrary to our expectations, no major cardiovascular changes were observed in our cohort 10–20 years post pregnancy. The observed differences found in right heart dimensions were within reference ranges, and should be interpreted with caution.

1 研究背景
妊娠期间罹患子痫前期（preeclampsia, PE）或胎儿生长受限（fetal growth restriction, FGR）的女性，日后罹患心血管疾病（cardiovascular diseases, CVD）的风险显著升高。本研究旨在对比妊娠并发症（PE/FGR）后10~20年的女性与顺利妊娠后的女性的心血管健康状况；此外，本研究还评估了一氧化氮供体（nitric oxide donor, NO-donor）四硝酸戊四醇酯（pentaerythrityl tetranitrate, PETN）的潜在长期效应。
2 研究方法
本研究招募了重度PE/FGR妊娠后10~20年的女性（其中包含妊娠期间曾服用PETN的受试者），并设置匹配对照人群；采用经胸超声心动图（transthoracic echocardiography）、VICORDER及USCOM对所有受试者的基线临床数据与心血管功能进行评估，统计学分析采用SPSS软件完成。
3 研究结果
本研究共纳入53例PE/FGR妊娠后受试者（其中13例曾在妊娠期间服用PETN）与51例对照受试者，随访时间平均为指征妊娠后14年。与对照人群相比，PE/FGR妊娠后女性的动脉高血压发病率显著更高（13.7% vs. 41.5%，p）。
4 研究结论
综上，本研究结果证实，与顺利妊娠后的女性相比，PE/FGR妊娠后女性的CVD患病风险显著升高。与本研究最初预期相悖的是，在妊娠后10~20年的随访队列中，未观察到显著的心血管结构与功能改变。本次研究中观察到的右心内径差异均处于参考值范围内，解读该结果时需谨慎。