Development of the Perceptions of Future Retirement Scale (PFRS) and Psychosocial Correlates

Abstract Retirement is a field in ascending importance in Brazil due to demographic, socioeconomic and social security factors. The retirement process states as its first stage the perceptions about the transition. This paper aimed to develop and validate the Perceptions of Future Retirement Scale (PFRS). Development, face and construct validity assessment procedures were performed, followed by exploratory and confirmatory analysis and also comparison and correlation analysis. The participants were 982 workers, mostly male (65.1%, N=640) with mean age of 40.1 years (SD=10.5 years). Results of psychometric measurements confirmed the presumed 5 factors structure, with subscales of Health Perception, Detachment from Work, Finances, Interpersonal Relationships and Losses in Retirement. In general, results show better perceptions to be related to better contextual conditions of life. Uses and limitations of PFRS are presented.

由于人口结构、社会经济与社会保障等多重因素影响，退休议题在巴西的重要性与日俱增。退休过程的首要阶段，是个体对退休转型的认知与感受。本研究旨在开发并验证未来退休认知量表（Perceptions of Future Retirement Scale, PFRS）。研究先后开展了量表开发、表面效度与结构效度评估程序，并辅以探索性因素分析、验证性因素分析以及比较与相关分析。本次研究共招募982名在职劳动者作为被试，其中男性占比65.1%（N=640），平均年龄为40.1岁（标准差SD=10.5岁）。心理测量学分析结果证实了预设的五因子结构，其分量表分别为健康认知、工作脱离、经济状况、人际关系以及退休后的损失感。总体而言，研究结果显示，个体对退休的认知越积极，其生活的整体环境条件也越优渥。文末亦讨论了PFRS的应用场景与研究局限。