Oncogenic high-risk human papillomavirus in patients with full denture

Abstract Human Papillomavirus (HPV) has considerable tropism for epithelial and mucosal tissues and can therefore be found in several anatomical sites, including the oral cavity. This study aimed to investigate the presence of HPV-DNA and the most frequent viral types in patients using full dentures, compare to patients not using full dentures and to associate its presence with socio-epidemiological and behavioral factors. The study consisted of 90 patients with or without full dentures at the time of collection, treated at a public dental clinic. The samples were obtained by exfoliating the oral cavity, and analyzed for HPV-DNA using the nested PCR with PGMY09/11 (450-bp), and general primers GP5+/GP6+ (150-bp). Genotyping was performed by specific-type PCR to HPV 6, 11, 16, 18, 31, 33, and 45; and Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP). Pearson’s Chi-square test (x 2 ) or Fisher’s exact test were applied and significant variables in these tests were analyzed by multinomial logistic regression analysis to estimate odds ratio (OR). HPV-DNA was detected in 27.7% of samples and, among those obtained from patients using full dentures, positivity for HPV-DNA was 41.9% (p = 0.025). The most frequent viral types were low-risk HPV 6 and 11, and high-risk HPV 31 and 45. Patients who used full dentures had an odds ratio of 2.1 to be positive for HPV DNA. Our results indicate the need for periodic dental follow-up of patients with full dentures in order to preserve the basic conditions of oral health, and also to monitor the appearance of lesions with malignant potential.

摘要 人乳头瘤病毒（Human Papillomavirus，HPV）对上皮与黏膜组织具有显著嗜性，可在包括口腔在内的多个解剖部位检出。本研究旨在探究佩戴全口义齿患者体内人乳头瘤病毒脱氧核糖核酸（HPV-DNA）的存在情况及常见病毒型别，与未佩戴全口义齿的患者进行对比，并分析其携带情况与社会流行病学及行为学因素的关联。本研究纳入90名在公立牙科诊所就诊的受试者，样本采集时均佩戴或未佩戴全口义齿。样本通过口腔脱落细胞采集获取，采用嵌套聚合酶链式反应（Nested PCR），以PGMY09/11引物（扩增片段长度450bp）及通用引物GP5+/GP6+（扩增片段长度150bp）对样本中的HPV-DNA进行检测。针对HPV 6、11、16、18、31、33及45型，采用型别特异性聚合酶链式反应结合限制性片段长度多态性（Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism，RFLP）进行基因分型。采用Pearson卡方检验（χ²）或Fisher确切概率法进行统计学分析，对检验中筛选出的具有统计学意义的变量，通过多分类逻辑回归分析估算比值比（Odds Ratio，OR）。本研究中27.7%的样本检出HPV-DNA；其中佩戴全口义齿患者的HPV-DNA阳性率为41.9%（p=0.025）。检出频率最高的病毒型别为低危型HPV 6、11及高危型HPV 31、45。佩戴全口义齿的患者HPV-DNA阳性的比值比为2.1。本研究结果提示，需对佩戴全口义齿的患者进行定期牙科随访，以维持口腔健康基础状况，并监测具有恶性潜能的病变发生。