樹木移植標準作業技術研發(2/4) The study on technology of standard trees transplanting(2/4)

隨著國民經濟的快速發展，人們生活水準不斷提升，重視環境綠美化的程度也與日俱增，包括都市中的街道綠化、公園遊憩區的景觀規劃及校園綠美化的栽植作業等都備受矚目。為提高都市綠化及景觀造園中喬木類成樹移植的成活率並兼及景觀效果與避免強度修剪所造成的樹型破壞，運用本中心苗圃中之成樹苗針對不同樹種之移植季節、斷根技術及修剪規範進行探討，以供相關作業之參考。本研究進行福木、蘭嶼羅漢松、烏心石與光臘樹等樹種之成樹移植作業探討。依據福木與蘭嶼羅漢松於春、秋兩季進行移植後8個月之生長表現發現，福木並不適於在秋季進行直接移植作業(存活率33.3%)，但如透過斷根作業則兩樹種於春秋兩季均能進行移植。至於烏心石與光臘樹於春季移植後8個月之生長表現發現，烏心石並不適於春季進行直接移植作業(存活率僅28.6%)，但如透過斷根處理後兩個樹種均可達100%存活率。另由根系分析結果顯示，以上四個樹種如採未斷根直接移植時，樣木根系中的細根數量均遠低於採一次及二次斷根處理樣木之細根數量。另就以上樹種在不同季節移植時其細根數量變化發現，透過斷根處理確實能有效提高土球上層約0-50cm處細根之數量。

With the rapid development of national economy, people’s standard of living is gradually uplifted, and level of valuing environmental greening
is promoted as well. For example, city street greening, landscape planting in recreational areas, and planting in schools are all highlighted. Hence, to raise both the survival rate of big trees and landscape effect, and to avoid the destruction of tree form, the tree seedlings in our nursery are provided to investigate the following issues: transplanting seasons of various tree species, the technology of root pruning, and the norm of trimming. The result in our study will be addressed as a reference to other related projects.
The study investivates the big tree transplanting procedure for Garcinia subelliptica, Podocarpus costalis, Michelia compressa and Fraxinus formosana. The growth situation of Garcinia subelliptica and Podocarpus costalis is individually observed after eight months when their transplanting has been done during the spring and fall seasons. It is found that only Garcinia subelliptica is not fit to transplant without root pruning(the survival rate is 33.3%), but these two tree species are both fit to transplant during the spring and fall seasons if root pruning is employed. As for the growth situation of Michelia compressa and Fraxinus formosana after eight months of transplanting in spring, it is found that only Michelia compressa is not fit to transplant without rootpruning in spring (the survival rate is 28.6%), but these two species are
both fit to transplant andreach a 100% survival rate if root pruning is employed.
Finally, through roots analysis, the result shows, for these tree species without root pruning, the amount of the fine roots is far lower than that through the procedures of one-time or two-time root pruning. Besides, exploring the amount variation of the fine roots in the above tree species when transplanting is done during different seasons, it is revealed that the root pruning procedure certainly can effectively increase the amount of the fine roots which take place at about 0-50cm on the upper layer of the root ball.

随着国民经济的快速发展，人民生活水平持续提升，对环境绿化美化的重视程度与日俱增，城市街道绿化、公园游憩区景观规划及校园绿化栽植作业等均受到广泛关注。为提升城市绿化与景观造园中乔木大树移植的成活率，兼顾景观效果并避免高强度修剪破坏树形，本研究依托本中心苗圃的成年苗木，针对不同树种的移植季节、断根技术及修剪规范展开系统探讨，以期为相关作业提供参考依据。本研究针对福木（Garcinia subelliptica）、兰屿罗汉松（Podocarpus costalis）、乌心石（Michelia compressa）及光腊树（Fraxinus formosana）四种树种的大树移植作业开展研究。对春季、秋季移植后的福木与兰屿罗汉松进行8个月生长观测后发现：福木不适宜在秋季进行直接移植（存活率仅33.3%），但经断根处理后，两种树种在春秋两季均可开展移植作业。针对春季移植后8个月的乌心石与光腊树生长状况观测发现：乌心石不适宜在春季进行直接移植（存活率仅28.6%），但经断根处理后，两种树种均可实现100%的存活率。根系分析结果显示：未经过断根处理直接移植的四种树种，其样株根系的细根数量均远低于经一次、两次断根处理的样株。此外，针对不同季节移植的上述树种细根数量变化的研究表明，断根处理可有效提升根球上层0~50cm范围内的细根数量。