File S1 - The Impact of 850,000 Years of Climate Changes on the Structure and Dynamics of Mammal Food Webs

Table S1, Reference sources used for determining the presence of species in each of the 71 sites. Table S2, The species present (indicated by 1) at each period. Weight categories: 1 = 1000 kg. Phylogenetic replacement categories: 0 = Not replaced by a species in the same genus in the next time period, 1 = Replaced by a species in the next time period, 2 = Species still present. Table S3, Prey weight classes. This information, together with spatio-temporal co-occurrence and actualism (see main text) was used to establish the links between species in the food web. Figure S1, Geographic location on the Iberian Peninsula of the Quaternary fossil sites used for constructing the ancient food webs. Figure S2, Large mammal food webs of the Iberian Peninsula during the Quaternary. (a) Early Pleistocene (850,000 years before present, or 850 ky BP); (b) Middle Pleistocene (450 ky BP); (c) Last Interglacial Maximum (120 ky BP); (d) Last Glacial Maximum (21 ky BP); (e) Early Holocene (10 ky BP); and (f) Present. Each node (green for prey, red for predator) is a species, and each link indicates a trophic interaction. Figure S3, Number of prey per predator in each time period, with species sorted in descending order. The time periods are the same as in figure 1. Figure S4, A random extinction experiment demonstrate that the distribution of the number of links, connectance and link density observed Holocene food web is not expected by chance. 1000 food webs have been created extracting randomly 11 species from last glacial maximum food web (the observed number of extinct species in the Holocene). (DOCX)

表S1：用于判定71个采样点内各物种存在状况的参考数据源。
表S2：各时期出现的物种（以“1”标记）。体重分级标准：1 = 1000千克。
系统发育替代分级：0 = 下一时期未被同属物种替代；1 = 下一时期被同属物种替代；2 = 该物种仍存续。
表S3：猎物体重等级。该信息结合时空共现性与现实类比原则（详见正文），被用于构建食物网内物种间的关联关系。
图S1：用于构建古食物网的第四纪化石采样点在伊比利亚半岛的地理分布位置。
图S2：伊比利亚半岛第四纪大型哺乳动物食物网。(a) 早更新世（距今85万年，即850 ky BP）；(b) 中更新世（距今45万年）；(c) 末次间冰期盛期（距今12万年）；(d) 末次盛冰期（距今2.1万年）；(e) 全新世早期（距今1万年）；(f) 现代。每个节点（绿色代表猎物，红色代表捕食者）对应一个物种，每条连线代表一次营养相互作用。
图S3：各时期内每种捕食者的猎物数量，物种按降序排列，时期与图1一致。
图S4：一项随机灭绝实验结果显示，全新世食物网所观测到的连接数、连接度与连接密度分布并非随机形成。本实验共生成1000个随机从末次盛冰期食物网中移除11个物种的食物网，该移除物种数量对应全新世实际观测到的灭绝物种数。(DOCX)