Historical ecosystems of the Midwestern United States

Tree densities and composition from historical land surveys were used to modify vegetation reconstructions from Illinois (survey years 1804–1843; Illinois Natural History Survey 2003), Indiana (survey years 1799–1834; Indiana Department of Natural Resources 2016), Michigan (survey years 1816–1856; Michigan Natural Features Inventory 2023), and Minnesota (survey years 1847–1907; Minnesota Department of Natural Resources 1988). The first ecosystem column is the original class and the second ecosystem column is the reclassified one.