Farm Business Survey, 2009-2010: Special Licence Access

<P>Abstract copyright UK Data Service and data collection copyright owner.</P><p>The <span style="font-style: italic;">Farm Business Survey</span> (FBS) is conducted annually to collect business information from about 2,100 farms in England and Wales. The survey provides information on the financial position and physical and economic performance of farm businesses, to inform policy decisions on matters affecting farm businesses and to enable analysis of the impacts of policy options. It is intended to serve the needs of farmers, farming and land management interest groups, government (both national and European), government partners, and researchers. </p><p>The primary objective of survey results is to contrast the performance or other business characteristics of different groupings of farm, such as between regions or other geographical or environmental designations, farm types, farm size, age or education of farmer, etc. Up to and including the 2001/02 survey, FBS estimates were based on matching the sample between two adjacent years and farm weights. Farm weights were still calculated to present a matched sample however. From the 2002/03 survey onwards, matching between adjacent years was dropped altogether, and weights are now calculated for the full sample. </p><p>The typology used to determine the FBS farm type classification has been revised from 2009 onwards. The FBS typology is now based on standard outputs expressed in euros, with a minimum threshold of 25,000 euro (irrespective of the SLR) for FBS eligibility. Between 2009 and 2011, FBS farm type classification was based on 2007 standard output (SO) coefficients. From 2012, the farm type classification was based on 2010 SO coefficients, and from 2017 the FBS farm type classification was based on 2013 SO coefficients. The coefficients have been revised again for 2023/24 and are based on 2017 coefficients. The change in typology has had an effect on the distribution of farms by farm type and income averages. Further information regarding the change in typology is available on the GOV.UK&nbsp;<a href="https://www.gov.uk/guidance/farm-business-survey-technical-notes-and-guidance#fbs-documents">FBS documents</a> web page.</p><p>
The <i>Farm Business Survey</i> is available from UKDS under Special Licence access conditions. See the' Access data' section for further details on how to apply for access to the data.<br>
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</p><br><p>Users should note that data in Section A that record geographical grid references have been removed to protect the confidentiality of survey participants.</p><p><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">The <span style="font-style: italic;">Farm Business Survey, 2009-2010: Special Licence Access </span>study contains data based on both the Standard Output (SO) classification and the Standard Gross Margin (SGM) classification.</span><font color="#000000">&nbsp;</font><font color="#000000">This allows researchers to view the 2009/10 results based on either (or both) the SGM or SO methodologies if they wish to understand and/or quantify the break in the time series as the results either side of the break are not directly comparable.</font><font color="#000000">&nbsp;&nbsp;</font></p><p><font color="#000000">Further information regarding the change in typology is available on the DEFRA webpages about&nbsp;</font><a href="http://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/20130315143000/http://www.defra.gov.uk/statistics/files/defra-stats-foodfarm-farmmanage-fbs-UK_Farm_Classification.pdf" target="_blank">the UK Standard Output Farm Classification</a>,<font color="#000000">&nbsp;the<a href="http://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/20130315143000/http://www.defra.gov.uk/statistics/files/defra-stats-foodfarm-landuselivestock-june-results-typology.pdf" target="_blank">&nbsp;</a></font><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"><a href="http://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/20130315143000/http://www.defra.gov.uk/statistics/files/defra-stats-foodfarm-landuselivestock-june-results-typology.pdf" target="_blank">Standard Output typology and its effect on the FBS sample</a>, the <a href="http://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/20130315143000/http://www.defra.gov.uk/statistics/files/defra-stats-foodfarm-farmmanage-fbs-reviseclass_111221.pdf" target="_blank">Standard Output typology and its effect on income averages</a>&nbsp;and on the webpage summarizing the&nbsp;<a href="http://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/20130315143000/http://www.defra.gov.uk/statistics/files/defra-stats-foodfarm-farmmanage-fbs-statissues_111123.pdf" target="_blank">details about s</a></span><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"><a href="http://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/20130315143000/http://www.defra.gov.uk/statistics/files/defra-stats-foodfarm-farmmanage-fbs-statissues_111123.pdf" target="_blank">ampling framework including weighting</a>.</span></p><p><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">For the fourth edition (May 2020), data files based on the SGM classification have been added to the study to address changes in methodology. The study now contains data based on both the SO classification and the SGM classification.&nbsp;</span><br></p><br><B>Main Topics</B>:<BR><br>Variables cover general and physical farm characteristics, labour, crops (previous and current harvest year, set-aside, byproducts, forage and cultivations); miscellaneous receipts, livestock (dairy and beef cattle, sheep, pigs, poultry, miscellaneous livestock), variable and fixed costs, assets, investment, liabilities, income from diversified activities (integrated and semi-integrated into the farm business), farmer and spouse off-farm hours and incomes, and subsidies.

摘要版权归英国数据服务（UK Data Service）及数据收集版权所有者所有。

《农场商业调查》（Farm Business Survey，FBS）每年开展一次，旨在从英格兰和威尔士约2100个农场收集商业信息。该调查提供农场企业的财务状况、实物与经济绩效数据，为影响农场企业的政策决策提供依据，并支持政策选项的影响分析。其服务对象包括农民、农业及土地管理利益集团、政府（国家及欧洲层面）、政府合作伙伴及研究人员。

调查结果的核心目标是对比不同农场群体的表现或其他商业特征，例如不同地区、地理或环境区划、农场类型、规模、经营者年龄或教育程度等群体间的差异。截至2001/02年度调查，FBS估算基于相邻两年样本匹配及农场权重；此后虽仍计算权重以呈现匹配样本，但自2002/03年度调查起，相邻年份样本匹配被完全取消，权重计算改为基于全样本。

2009年起，FBS农场类型分类的类型学框架已修订。当前FBS类型学基于以欧元计价的标准产出（Standard Output，SO），且FBS准入门槛为25000欧元（无论标准土地利用率如何）。2009至2011年，FBS农场类型分类采用2007版SO系数；2012年起改用2010版SO系数；2017年起采用2013版SO系数；2023/24年度则再次修订，基于2017版系数。类型学的变更对农场类型分布及收入平均值产生了影响。更多关于类型学变更的信息可在英国政府网（GOV.UK）的《FBS文档》网页获取。

《农场商业调查》在英国数据服务（UK Data Service）下需通过特殊许可访问。有关申请数据访问的详细信息，请参见‘获取数据’部分。

用户需注意，为保护调查参与者隐私，A部分中记录地理网格参考的数据已被移除。

《2009-2010年农场商业调查：特殊许可访问》研究包含基于标准产出（SO）分类及标准毛利率（Standard Gross Margin，SGM）分类的数据。若研究人员希望理解和/或量化时间序列的断裂（因断裂两侧结果不可直接比较），可基于SGM或SO方法（或两者结合）查看2009/10年度结果。

更多关于类型学变更的信息可在英国环境、食品与农村事务部（DEFRA）网页获取，包括《英国标准产出农场分类》、《标准产出类型学及其对FBS样本的影响》、《标准产出类型学及其对收入平均值的影响》，以及概述《抽样框架（含权重）细节》的网页。

第四版（2020年5月）中，基于SGM分类的数据文件已添加至本研究，以应对方法学变更。目前研究包含基于SO分类及SGM分类的两类数据。

主要主题：变量涵盖农场一般特征与实物特征、劳动力、作物（前一及当前收获年度、休耕、副产品、饲料及种植）、杂项收入、牲畜（奶牛与肉牛、绵羊、猪、家禽、杂项牲畜）、可变成本与固定成本、资产、投资、负债、多元化活动收入（与农场业务整合或半整合）、农场主及配偶场外工作时长与收入，以及补贴。